Kulezi zinsuku, intuthuko yezimboni ezahlukahlukene ishesha kakhulu, ngemikhiqizo evuselelwa njalo kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nemvelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimboni ezahlukahlukene nazo zizoba nezidingo eziphakeme zokuklama amakamelo ahlanzekile.
Idizayini ejwayelekile yegumbi elihlanzekile
Ikhodi yokuklama yegumbi elihlanzekile eShayina iyindinganiso ye-GB50073-2013. Izinga eliphelele lokuhlanzeka komoya emakamelweni ahlanzekile nasezindaweni ezihlanzekile kufanele linqunywe ngokwethebula elilandelayo.
| Ikilasi | Izinhlayiya Eziphezulu/m3 | I-FED STD 209EEelingana | |||||
| >=0.1 µm | >=0.2 µm | >=0.3 µm | >=0.5 µm | >=1 µm | >=5 µm | ||
| I-ISO 1 | 10 | 2 | |||||
| I-ISO 2 | 100 | 24 | 10 | 4 | |||
| I-ISO 3 | 1,000 | 237 | 102 | 35 | 8 | Iklasi 1 | |
| I-ISO 4 | 10,000 | 2,370 | 1,020 | 352 | 83 | Ibanga le-10 | |
| I-ISO 5 | 100,000 | 23,700 | 10,200 | 3,520 | 832 | 29 | Iklasi 100 |
| I-ISO 6 | 1,000,000 | 237,000 | 102,000 | 35,200 | 8,320 | 293 | Iklasi 1,000 |
| I-ISO 7 | 352,000 | 83,200 | 2,930 | Iklasi 10,000 | |||
| I-ISO 8 | 3,520,000 | 832,000 | 29,300 | Ikilasi 100,000 | |||
| I-ISO 9 | 35,200,000 | 8,320,000 | 293,000 | Umoya Wegumbi | |||
Iphethini yokugeleza komoya kanye nomthamo womoya onikezwayo emakamelweni ahlanzekile
1. Umklamo wephethini yokuhamba komoya kufanele uhambisane nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
(1) Iphethini yokugeleza komoya kanye nomthamo womoya ophakelwayo wegumbi elihlanzekile (indawo) kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo. Uma isidingo sezinga lokuhlanzeka komoya siqinile kune-ISO 4, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukugeleza okuqondile; Uma ukuhlanzeka komoya kuphakathi kwe-ISO 4 ne-ISO 5, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukugeleza okuqondile; Uma ukuhlanzeka komoya kungama-ISO 6-9, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukugeleza okuqondile.
(2) Ukusabalala komoya endaweni yokusebenza ehlanzekile yegumbi kufanele kufane.
(3) Ijubane lokugeleza komoya endaweni yokusebenza ehlanzekile yegumbi kufanele lihlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza.
2. Umthamo womoya wegumbi elihlanzekile kufanele uthathe inani eliphezulu lezinto ezintathu ezilandelayo:
(1) Umthamo womoya ohlinzekayo ohlangabezana nezidingo zezinga lokuhlanzeka komoya.
(2) Umthamo womoya unqunywa ngokusekelwe ekubalweni kwemithwalo yokushisa nomswakama.
(3) Isamba somoya omusha odingekayo ukuze kulungiswe umthamo womoya ophumayo endlini futhi kugcinwe umfutho omuhle endlini; Qinisekisa ukuthi umoya omusha unikezwa umuntu ngamunye egumbini elihlanzekile okungenani ngamamitha angu-40 ngehora.
3. Ukuhlelwa kwezindawo ezahlukene ekamelweni elihlanzekile kufanele kucabangele umthelela emaphethini okugeleza komoya kanye nokuhlanzeka komoya, futhi kufanele kuhambisane nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
(1) Ibhentshi lokusebenzela elihlanzekile akufanele lihlelwe egumbini elihlanzekile lokugeleza komoya elingaqondisiwe, futhi indawo yokukhipha umoya ebuyayo yegumbi elihlanzekile lokugeleza komoya elingaqondisiwe kufanele ibe kude nebhentshi lokusebenzela elihlanzekile.
(2) Imishini yokusebenza edinga umoya kufanele ihlelwe ohlangothini lomoya oluphansi lwegumbi elihlanzekile.
(3) Uma kunemishini yokushisa, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokunciphisa umthelela wokugeleza komoya oshisayo ekusatshalalisweni kokugeleza komoya.
(4) Ivalvu yokucindezela eseleyo kufanele ihlelwe ohlangothini lomoya oluphansi lokugeleza komoya okuhlanzekile.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlanza umoya
1. Ukukhethwa, ukuhlelwa, kanye nokufakwa kwezihlungi zomoya kufanele kuhambisane nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
(1) Ukwelashwa kokuhlanza umoya kufanele kukhethe ngokufanele izihlungi zomoya ngokusekelwe ezingeni lokuhlanzeka komoya.
(2) Umthamo womoya wokucubungula wesihlungi somoya kufanele ube ngaphansi noma ulingane nomthamo womoya olinganisiwe.
(3) Izihlungi zomoya eziphakathi nendawo noma ze-hepa kufanele zigxile engxenyeni yokucindezela okuhle kwebhokisi lokupholisa umoya.
(4) Uma usebenzisa izihlungi ze-sub hepa kanye nezihlungi ze-hepa njengezihlungi zokugcina, kufanele zibekwe ekugcineni kohlelo lokupholisa umoya oluhlanzekile. Izihlungi ze-Ultra hepa kufanele zibekwe ekugcineni kohlelo lokupholisa umoya oluhlanzekile.
(5) Ukusebenza kahle kokumelana kwezihlungi zomoya ze-hepa (sub hepa, ultra hepa) ezifakwe ekamelweni elifanayo elihlanzekile kufanele kufane.
(6) Indlela yokufaka izihlungi zomoya ze-hepa (sub hepa, ultra hepa) kufanele zibe qinile, zilula, zithembeke, futhi kube lula ukubona ukuvuza nokufaka okunye esikhundleni sazo.
2. Umoya omusha wohlelo lokupholisa umoya oluhlanzwayo emafektri amakhulu ahlanzekile kufanele uphathwe phakathi nendawo ukuze kuhlanzwe umoya.
3. Umklamo wohlelo lokupholisa umoya oluhlanzekile kufanele usebenzise umoya obuyayo ngendlela efanele.
4. Umlandeli wohlelo lokupholisa umoya oluhlanzekile kufanele asebenzise izindlela zokuguqula imvamisa.
- Kuzothathwa izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuqandisa umoya ongaphandle ezindaweni ezibandayo nezibandayo kakhulu.
Ukushisa, ukuphefumula, kanye nokulawula intuthu
1. Amagumbi okuhlanza anomoya ohlanzekile ophakeme kune-ISO 8 awavunyelwe ukusebenzisa ama-radiator ukuze afudumale.
2. Amadivayisi okukhipha umoya endawo kufanele afakwe imishini yokucubungula ekhiqiza uthuli namagesi ayingozi emakamelweni ahlanzekile.
3. Ezimweni ezilandelayo, uhlelo lokukhipha umoya lwendawo kufanele lusethwe ngokwehlukana:
(1) I-exhaust medium exubile ingadala noma ibhebhethekise ukugqwala, ubuthi, izingozi zokusha kanye nokuqhuma, kanye nokungcola okuxubile.
(2) Indawo yokukhipha umoya iqukethe amagesi anobuthi.
(3) Indawo yokukhipha umoya iqukethe amagesi avuthayo naqhumayo.
4. Umklamo wohlelo lokukhipha umoya lwegumbi elihlanzekile kufanele uhambisane nemithetho elandelayo:
(1) Ukugeleza komoya wangaphandle kufanele kuvinjelwe.
(2) Izinhlelo zokukhipha umoya zasendaweni eziqukethe izinto ezivuthayo neziqhumayo kufanele zisebenzise izindlela zokuvimbela umlilo nokuqhuma ezihambisanayo ngokusekelwe ezicini zazo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali.
(3) Uma izinga lokugxila kanye nezinga lokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi endaweni yokukhipha umoya lidlula imithetho kazwelonke noma yesifunda mayelana nezinga lokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi kanye nezinga lokukhishwa, kufanele kwenziwe ukwelashwa okungenangozi.
(4) Ezinhlelweni zokukhipha umoya eziqukethe umhwamuko wamanzi nezinto ezinamathelayo, kufanele kubekwe imisele kanye nezindawo zokukhipha umoya.
5. Kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokungenisa umoya emakamelweni okukhiqiza angeziwe njengokushintsha izicathulo, ukugcina izingubo, ukuwasha, izindlu zangasese, kanye neshawa, futhi inani lokucindezela okungaphakathi kufanele libe ngaphansi kunelendawo ehlanzekile.
6. Ngokwezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza, kufanele kufakwe uhlelo lokukhipha umoya oluyingozi. Uhlelo lokukhipha umoya oluyingozi kufanele lufakwe izinkinobho zokulawula ezizenzakalelayo nezisebenzisa isandla, kanti izinkinobho zokulawula ezisebenzisa isandla kufanele zibekwe zodwa egumbini elihlanzekile nangaphandle ukuze kube lula ukusebenza.
7. Ukufakwa kwezindawo zokukhipha intuthu ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezihlanzekile kufanele kuhambisane nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
(1) Izindawo zokukhipha intuthu ngomshini kufanele zifakwe ezindaweni zokuphuma zezindawo zokusebenzela ezihlanzekile.
(2) Izindawo zokukhipha intuthu ezifakwe endaweni yokusebenzela ehlanzekile kufanele zihambisane nezinhlinzeko ezifanele zendinganiso kazwelonke yamanje.
Ezinye izindlela zokuklama igumbi elihlanzekile
1. Indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile kufanele ifakwe amakamelo nezindawo zokuhlanza abasebenzi kanye nokuhlanza izinto, kanye namakamelo okuhlala kanye namanye njengoba kudingeka.
2. Ukuhlelwa kwamakamelo okuhlanza abasebenzi kanye namagumbi okuhlala kufanele kuhambisane nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
(1) Kufanele kulungiselelwe igumbi lokuhlanzwa kwabasebenzi, njengokugcina izimpahla zemvula, ukushintsha izicathulo namajazi, kanye nokushintsha izingubo zokusebenza ezihlanzekile.
(2) Izindlu zangasese, izindlu zangasese, amakamelo okugeza, amakamelo okugeza kanye namanye amakamelo okuhlala, kanye namakamelo okugeza anomoya, izingidi zomoya, amakamelo okuwasha izingubo zomsebenzi, kanye namakamelo okomisa, kungamiswa uma kudingeka.
3. Ukwakhiwa kwamakamelo okuhlanza abasebenzi kanye namakamelo okuhlala kufanele kuhambisane nemithethonqubo elandelayo:
(1) Izindlela zokuhlanza izicathulo kufanele zifakwe emnyango wegumbi lokuhlanza abasebenzi.
(2) Amakamelo okugcina amajazi nokushintsha izingubo zokusebenza ezihlanzekile kufanele ahlelwe ngokwehlukana.
(3) Ikhabethe lokugcina izingubo zangaphandle kufanele liklanywe ngekhabethe elilodwa kumuntu ngamunye, kanti izingubo zokusebenza ezihlanzekile kufanele zilengiswe ekhabetheni elihlanzekile elinomoya ovunguzayo kanye neshawa.
(4) Indlu yokugezela kufanele ibe nezindawo zokugeza izandla nokomisa.
(5) Igumbi lokugeza umoya kufanele libe semnyango wabasebenzi endaweni ehlanzekile futhi eduze kwegumbi lokushintshela izingubo zomsebenzi elihlanzekile. Igumbi lokugeza umoya lomuntu oyedwa lihlelelwe abantu abangu-30 ngenani eliphezulu lamashifu. Uma kunabasebenzi abangaphezu kwaba-5 endaweni ehlanzekile, kufanele kufakwe umnyango odlulayo ohlangothini olulodwa lwegumbi lokugeza umoya.
(6) Amakamelo okuhlanza amanzi aqonde ngqo aqinile kune-ISO 5 kufanele abe nezikhiye zomoya.
(7) Izindlu zangasese azivunyelwe ezindaweni ezihlanzekile. Indlu yangasese engaphakathi kwegumbi lokuhlanza abasebenzi kufanele ibe negumbi langaphambili.
4. Indlela yokuhamba kwabahamba ngezinyawo kufanele ihambisane nemithetho elandelayo:
(1) Indlela yokuhamba kwabahamba ngezinyawo kufanele igweme ukuhlangana kwemigwaqo ngendlela elandelanayo.
(2) Ukuhlelwa kwamakamelo okuhlanza abasebenzi kanye namakamelo okuhlala kufanele kuhambisane nezinqubo zokuhlanza abasebenzi.
5. Ngokuya ngamazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka komoya kanye nenani labasebenzi, indawo yokwakha yegumbi lokuhlanza abasebenzi kanye negumbi lokuhlala endaweni yokusebenzela ehlanzekile kufanele inqunywe ngokufanele, futhi kufanele ibalwe ngokusekelwe enanini elimaphakathi labantu abaklanywe endaweni ehlanzekile, kusukela kumamitha-skwele ama-2 kuya kumamitha-skwele ama-4 ngomuntu ngamunye.
6. Izidingo zokuhlanza umoya zamakamelo okushintshela izingubo zomsebenzi ezihlanzekile kanye namagumbi okuwasha kufanele zinqunywe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zenqubo yomkhiqizo kanye nezinga lokuhlanzeka komoya kwamakamelo ahlanzekile aseduze (izindawo).
7. Imishini yegumbi ehlanzekile kanye neminyango nezinto zokungena kufanele ifakwe amakamelo nezinto zokuhlanza izinto ngokusekelwe ezimpahleni, ezimweni, nakwezinye izici zemishini nezinto. Ukuhlelwa kwegumbi lokuhlanza izinto kufanele kuvimbele ukungcoliswa kwezinto ezihlanziwe ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-17-2023