Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenxa yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, umphakathi unolwazi lokuqala lwe-workshop ehlanzekile yokukhiqizwa kwamaski, izingubo zokuzivikela kanye nomuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19, kodwa akuphelele.
Indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile yaqala ukusetshenziswa embonini yezempi, yabe isinwetshwa kancane kancane yaya emikhakheni efana nokudla, ezokwelapha, ezemithi, ezokukhanya, ezogesi, amalabhorethri, njll., okukhuthaza kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Njengamanje, izinga lephrojekthi yegumbi elihlanzekile ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezihlanzekile seliyindinganiso yokulinganisa izinga lobuchwepheshe bezwe. Isibonelo, iShayina ingaba yizwe lesithathu emhlabeni ukuthumela abantu emkhathini, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi eziningi ezinembile kanye nezingxenye akunakuhlukaniswa ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezihlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, iyini indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile? Uyini umehluko phakathi kwendawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile nendawo yokusebenzela evamile? Ake sibheke ndawonye!
Okokuqala, sidinga ukuqonda incazelo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza we-workshop ehlanzekile.
Incazelo ye-workshop ehlanzekile: I-workshop ehlanzekile, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-workshop engenalo uthuli noma igumbi elihlanzekile, ibhekisela ekamelweni eliklanywe ngokukhethekile elisusa ukungcola njengezinhlayiya, umoya oyingozi, namabhaktheriya emoyeni ngezindlela ezibonakalayo, ezibonakalayo, zamakhemikhali, zemishini, nezinye izindlela zobungcweti ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lendawo, futhi lilawula izinga lokushisa langaphakathi, ukuhlanzeka, ingcindezi, ijubane lokuhamba komoya, ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza komoya, umsindo, ukudlidliza, ukukhanya, kanye nogesi ongashintshi ngaphakathi kwezidingo ezithile.
Isimiso sokusebenza sokuhlanzwa: ukugeleza komoya → ukwelashwa komoya okuyinhloko → umoya opholile → ukwelashwa komoya okusebenzayo okuphakathi → ukuphakelwa kwabalandeli → ipayipi lokuhlanza → indawo yokukhipha umoya esebenza kahle kakhulu → igumbi elihlanzekile → ukususa izinhlayiya zothuli (uthuli, amabhaktheriya, njll.) → ukubuyisela ipayipi lomoya → ukugeleza komoya okulashwe → ukugeleza komoya omusha → ukwelashwa komoya okusebenzayo okuyinhloko. Phinda inqubo engenhla ukuze ufeze injongo yokuhlanza.
Okwesibili, qonda umehluko phakathi kwe-workshop ehlanzekile kanye ne-workshop evamile.
- Ukukhetha izinto zokwakha ezahlukene
Ama-workshop avamile awanazo imithetho ethile yamaphaneli e-workshop, phansi, njll. Angasebenzisa ngqo izindonga zobumba, i-terrazzo, njll.
Indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile ngokuvamile isebenzisa isakhiwo sephaneli yesangweji yensimbi enombala, futhi izinto zokwakha uphahla, izindonga, kanye nezitezi kumele zingabi nothuli, zingagqwali, zingabi nokushisa okuphezulu, zingaqhekeki kalula, futhi zingabi lula ukukhiqiza ugesi ongaguquki, futhi akufanele kube namakhona afile endaweni yokusebenzela. Izindonga kanye nophahla olulengisiwe lwendawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amapuleti ensimbi akhethekile anobukhulu obungu-50mm, futhi umhlabathi ikakhulukazi usebenzisa iphansi elizilinganisayo le-epoxy noma iphansi lepulasitiki elisezingeni eliphezulu elingagugi. Uma kunezidingo zokulwa nokuguguleka, uhlobo olulwa nokuguguleka lungakhethwa.
2. Amazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka komoya
Ama-workshop avamile awakwazi ukulawula ukuhlanzeka komoya, kodwa ama-workshop ahlanzekile angaqinisekisa futhi agcine ukuhlanzeka komoya.
(1) Enqubweni yokuhlunga umoya endaweni yokuhlanza, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa izihlungi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu neziphakathi nendawo, ukuhlunga okusebenzayo kwenziwa futhi ukuze kubulawe amagciwane emoyeni, kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka komoya endaweni yokuhlanza.
(2) Ebunjiniyeleni begumbi elihlanzekile, inani lokushintsha komoya likhulu kakhulu kunezindawo zokusebenzela ezivamile. Ngokuvamile, ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezivamile, kudingeka ushintsho lomoya oluyi-8-10 ngehora. Izindawo zokusebenzela ezihlanzekile, ngenxa yezimboni ezahlukene, zinezidingo ezahlukene zezinga lokuhlanzeka komoya kanye noshintsho lomoya oluhlukahlukene. Uma sibheka izimboni zemithi njengesibonelo, zihlukaniswe ngamazinga amane: i-ABCD, izinga le-D izikhathi eziyi-6-20/H, izinga le-C izikhathi eziyi-20-40/H, izinga le-B izikhathi eziyi-40-60/H, kanye nejubane lomoya elisezingeni le-A elingu-0.36-0.54m/s. Indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile ihlala igcina isimo sokucindezela esihle ukuvimbela ukungcola kwangaphandle ukuthi kungangeni endaweni ehlanzekile, okungaziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezivamile.
3. Izakhiwo zokuhlobisa ezahlukene
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlelwa kwendawo kanye nomklamo wokuhlobisa, isici esiyinhloko sama-workshop ahlanzekile ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi ahlanzekile nangcolile, ngeziteshi ezinikezelwe abasebenzi nezinto ukugwema ukungcola okuphambene. Abantu nezinto ziyimithombo emikhulu yothuli, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulawula nokususa ukungcola okunamathiselwe kubo ukuze kugwenywe ukuletha ukungcola ezindaweni ezihlanzekile futhi kuthinte umphumela wokuhlanza wemiklamo yamakamelo ahlanzekile.
Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokungena eshabhu elihlanzekile, wonke umuntu kumele ashintshe izicathulo, ashintshe izingubo, aphephe futhi ageze, futhi ngezinye izikhathi aze ageze. Izimpahla kumele zisulwe lapho zingena, futhi inani labasebenzi kumele lilinganiselwe.
4. Ukuphathwa okuhlukile
Ukuphathwa kwama-workshop avamile ngokuvamile kusekelwe ezidingweni zabo zenqubo, kodwa ukuphathwa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile isekelwe kuma-workshop avamile futhi iphatha ngokuqinile ukuhlunga umoya, ukuhlinzeka ngomthamo womoya, umfutho womoya, ukuphathwa kwabasebenzi kanye nokungena nokuphuma kwezinto ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bobunjiniyela be-workshop ehlanzekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa langaphakathi, ukuhlanzeka, umfutho wangaphakathi, isivinini sokugeleza komoya kanye nokusatshalaliswa, umsindo nokudlidliza, kanye nokulawulwa kokukhanya okungaguquki kungaphakathi kwebanga elithile.
Ama-workshop ahlanzekile anezidingo ezahlukene zezimboni ezahlukene kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, kodwa ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe ngezigaba 100, class 1000, class 100000, class 100000, kanye class 1000000 ngokusekelwe ekuhlanzekeni komoya.
Ngokuthuthuka komphakathi, ukusetshenziswa kwama-workshop ahlanzekile ekukhiqizweni kwethu kwezimboni zanamuhla kanye nokuphila kuya ngokuya kusabalala. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-workshop avamile avamile, anemiphumela emihle kakhulu kanye nokuphepha okuphezulu, futhi izinga lomoya wangaphakathi lizohlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanayo zomkhiqizo.
Ukudla okuluhlaza okwengeziwe nokuhlanzekile, amadivayisi kagesi asebenza kangcono, amadivayisi ezokwelapha aphephile futhi ahlanzekile, izimonyo ezithintana ngqo nomzimba womuntu, njalo njalo konke kukhiqizwa kuphrojekthi yegumbi elihlanzekile le-workshop ehlanzekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-31-2023