Empilweni yanamuhla esheshayo, izimonyo zibalulekile empilweni yabantu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ngoba izithako zezimonyo ngokwazo zibangela ukuba isikhumba sisabele, noma kungaba ngoba izimonyo azihlanzwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, izimboni eziningi zezimonyo zakhe indawo ehlanzekile esezingeni eliphezulu, kanti nezindawo zokukhiqiza azinalo uthuli, futhi izidingo ezingenalo uthuli ziqinile kakhulu.
Ngoba igumbi elihlanzekile aligcini nje ngokuqinisekisa impilo yabasebenzi ngaphakathi, kodwa futhi lidlala indima ebalulekile ekhwalithini, ekunembileni, emkhiqizweni oqediwe kanye nasekuzinzeni kwemikhiqizo. Ikhwalithi yokukhiqizwa kwezimonyo incike kakhulu enqubweni yokukhiqiza kanye nendawo yokukhiqiza.
Ngamafuphi, igumbi elihlanzekile libalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yezimonyo. Le ncazelo isiza ekwakheni igumbi elihlanzekile elingenalo uthuli lezimonyo elihlangabezana nezindinganiso futhi lilawule ukuziphatha kwabasebenzi bokukhiqiza.
Ikhodi yokuphatha izimonyo
1. Ukuze kuqiniswe ukuphathwa kwenhlanzeko kwamabhizinisi akhiqiza izimonyo nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yenhlanzeko yezimonyo kanye nokuphepha kwabathengi, le ncazelo yakhiwe ngokuhambisana "neMithethonqubo Yokuqapha Ukuhlanzeka Kwezimonyo" kanye nemithetho yayo yokusebenzisa.
2. Le ncazelo ihlanganisa ukuphathwa kwenhlanzeko kwamabhizinisi akhiqiza izimonyo, okuhlanganisa ukukhethwa kwendawo yebhizinisi akhiqiza izimonyo, ukuhlela ifektri, izidingo zokuhlanzeka kokukhiqiza, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokuhlanzeka, inhlanzeko yokugcina izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe, kanye nezidingo zokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu kanye nempilo.
3. Zonke izinkampani ezibandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni izimonyo kumele zihambisane nale ncazelo.
4. Iminyango yokuphatha ezempilo yohulumeni babantu bendawo kuzo zonke izigaba izoqapha ukuqaliswa kwale mithethonqubo.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo yefektri kanye nokuhlela ifektri
1. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yamabhizinisi akhiqiza izimonyo kufanele kuhambisane nohlelo lukamasipala.
2. Amabhizinisi okukhiqiza izimonyo kufanele akhiwe ezindaweni ezihlanzekile, futhi ibanga phakathi kwezimoto zawo zokukhiqiza kanye nemithombo yokungcola enobuthi neyingozi akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-30.
3. Izinkampani zobuhle akumelwe zithinte impilo nokuphepha kwezakhamuzi ezizungezile. Ama-workshop okukhiqiza akhiqiza izinto eziyingozi noma abangela umsindo omkhulu kufanele abe nebanga lokuvikela inhlanzeko elifanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela ukusuka ezindaweni zokuhlala.
4. Ukuhlela ifektri kwabakhiqizi bezimonyo kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo zokuhlanzeka. Izindawo zokukhiqiza kanye nezindawo ezingakhiqizi kufanele zibekwe ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza kanye nokungabi nokungcola okuxubile. Indawo yokukhiqiza kufanele ibekwe endaweni ehlanzekile futhi ibekwe endaweni evulekile lapho umoya ukhuphuka khona.
5. Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokukhiqiza kumele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nenhlanzeko. Ngokomthetho, abakhiqizi bezimonyo kufanele bamise amakamelo ezinto zokusetshenziswa, amakamelo okukhiqiza, amakamelo okugcina imikhiqizo aqediwe ngokuphelele, amakamelo okugcwalisa, amakamelo okupakisha, ukuhlanza izitsha, ukubulala amagciwane, ukomisa, amakamelo okugcina, izindawo zokugcina impahla, amagumbi okugcina impahla, amakamelo okuhlola, amakamelo okushintshela, izindawo zokubeka izinto, amahhovisi, njll. ukuvimbela ukungcola okuwelayo.
6. Imikhiqizo ekhiqiza uthuli ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezimonyo noma esebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyingozi, ezivuthayo, noma eziqhumayo kumele isebenzise ama-workshop okukhiqiza ahlukene, imishini yokukhiqiza ekhethekile, futhi ibe nezinyathelo zempilo nokuphepha ezifanele.
7. Amanzi angcolile, igesi engcolile, kanye nezinsalela zemfucuza kumele kuphathwe futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezifanele zokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nempilo kazwelonke ngaphambi kokuba zikhishwe.
8. Izakhiwo nezindawo ezisizayo ezifana nogesi, ukushisa, amakamelo omshini wokupholisa umoya, izinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi, kanye nezinhlelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka, igesi engcolile, kanye nezinsalela zemfucuza akufanele zithinte inhlanzeko yendawo yokukhiqiza.
Izidingo zokuhlanzeka zokukhiqiza
1. Amabhizinisi akhiqiza izimonyo kumele asungule futhi athuthukise izinhlelo zokuphatha impilo ezifanele futhi azihlomise ngabasebenzi bokuphatha impilo abaqeqeshwe ngobuchwepheshe isikhathi esigcwele noma isikhathi esithile. Uhlu lwabasebenzi bokuphatha impilo kufanele lubikwe emnyangweni wokuphatha wezempilo kahulumeni wabantu besifundazwe ukuze lubhalwe phansi.
2. Indawo iyonke yamakamelo okukhiqiza, okugcwalisa kanye nokupakisha akumele ibe ngaphansi kwamamitha-skwele ayi-100, indawo yephansi ngenhloko-dolobha akumele ibe ngaphansi kwamamitha-skwele ama-4, futhi ukuphakama okucacile kweshabhu akumele kube ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-2.5.
3. Iphansi legumbi elihlanzekile kufanele libe yisicaba, lingagugi, lingasheleli, lingabi nobuthi, lingangeni emanzini, futhi kulula ukulihlanza nokubulala amagciwane. Iphansi lendawo yokusebenza elidinga ukuhlanzwa kufanele libe nomthambeka futhi lingagcwali amanzi. Ipayipi lokudonsa phansi kufanele lifakwe endaweni ephansi kakhulu. Ipayipi lokudonsa phansi kufanele libe nesitsha noma isembozo se-grate.
4. Izindonga ezine kanye nophahla lwendawo yokukhiqiza kufanele kufakwe izinto ezinombala okhanyayo, ezingenabo ubuthi, ezingagqwali, ezingamelani nokushisa, ezingamelani nomswakama, kanye nezivikela ukukhunta, futhi kufanele kube lula ukuzihlanza nokuzibulala amagciwane. Ukuphakama kwesendlalelo esingangeni manzi akufanele kube ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1.5.
5. Izisebenzi nezinto zokwakha kumele zingene noma zithunyelwe endaweni yokukhiqiza ngokusebenzisa indawo yokubeka izinto.
6. Izindawo zokudlula eshabhu lokukhiqiza kufanele zibe zibanzi futhi zingaphazanyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kanye nokuvikelwa kwempilo nokuphepha. Izinto ezingahlobene nokukhiqiza azivunyelwe ukugcinwa eshabhu lokukhiqiza. Imishini yokukhiqiza, amathuluzi, izitsha, izindawo, njll. kumele zihlanzwe kahle futhi zihlanzwe ngamagciwane ngaphambi nangemva kokusetshenziswa.
7. Izindawo zokusebenzela zokukhiqiza ezinemihubhe evakashile kufanele zihlukaniswe nendawo yokukhiqiza ngodonga lwengilazi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcola okwenziwe.
8. Indawo yokukhiqiza kumele ibe negumbi lokushintsha, okufanele libe nezingubo zokugqoka, ama-racks ezicathulo nezinye izindawo zokushintsha, futhi kufanele ifakwe izindawo zokugeza izandla kanye nokuhlanza amagciwane ngamanzi agelezayo; ibhizinisi lokukhiqiza kufanele limise igumbi lokushintsha lesibili ngokwezidingo zesigaba somkhiqizo kanye nenqubo.
9. Amakamelo okugcina imikhiqizo aqediwe ngokuphelele, amakamelo okugcwalisa, amakamelo okugcina izinto ezitsheni ahlanzekile, amakamelo okushintshela kanye nezindawo zawo zokugcina impahla kumele zibe nezindawo zokuhlanza umoya noma zokubulala amagciwane emoyeni.
10. Ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezisebenzisa amadivayisi okuhlanza umoya, indawo yokungena komoya kufanele ibe kude nendawo yokukhipha umoya. Ukuphakama kwendawo yokungena komoya kusukela phansi akufanele kube ngaphansi kwamamitha ama-2, futhi akufanele kube nemithombo yokungcola eduze. Uma kusetshenziswa ukubulala amagciwane kwe-ultraviolet, amandla esibani sokubulala amagciwane se-ultraviolet akufanele abe ngaphansi kwama-microwatts angu-70/isentimitha lesikwele, futhi kufanele abekwe kuma-watts angu-30/10 square metres futhi aphakanyiswe ngamamitha angu-2.0 ngaphezu komhlaba; inani eliphelele lamagciwane emoyeni endaweni yokukhiqiza akufanele lidlule imitha eyi-1,000/cubic.
11. Indawo yokukhiqiza yegumbi elihlanzekile kufanele ibe nezindawo ezinhle zokungenisa umoya futhi igcine izinga lokushisa nomswakama ofanele. Indawo yokukhiqiza kufanele ibe nokukhanya nokukhanya okuhle. Ukukhanya okuxubile kwendawo yokusebenza akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-220lx, futhi ukukhanya okuxubile kwendawo yokusebenza yendawo yokuhlola akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-540lx.
12. Ikhwalithi kanye nobuningi bamanzi okukhiqiza kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza, kanti ikhwalithi yamanzi kufanele okungenani ihlangabezane nezidingo zezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka zamanzi okuphuza.
13. Abakhiqizi bezimonyo kufanele babe nemishini yokukhiqiza efanelekela izici zomkhiqizo futhi engaqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuhlanzeka kwemikhiqizo.
14. Ukufakwa kwemishini engaguquki, amapayipi esekethe kanye namapayipi amanzi ezinkampani zokukhiqiza kufanele kuvimbele amaconsi amanzi kanye nokujiya ekungcoliseni izitsha zokuhlobisa, imishini, imikhiqizo eqediwe kancane kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe. Khuthaza ukuzenzekela kokukhiqiza kwebhizinisi, amapayipi, kanye nokuvalwa kwemishini.
15. Yonke imishini, amathuluzi, namapayipi athintana nezinto zokusetshenziswa zokuhlobisa kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe ngokuphelele kumele kwenziwe ngezinto ezingenabo ubuthi, ezingenangozi, nezilwa nokugqwala, futhi izindonga zangaphakathi kufanele zibe bushelelezi ukuze kube lula ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izimonyo kufanele ixhunywe phezulu naphansi, futhi ukuhamba kwabantu kanye nempahla kufanele kuhlukaniswe ukuze kugwenywe ukuwela.
16. Wonke amarekhodi okuqala enqubo yokukhiqiza (kufaka phakathi imiphumela yokuhlola yezici ezibalulekile ezinqubweni zenqubo) kufanele agcinwe kahle, futhi isikhathi sokugcina kufanele sibe izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphezulu kunesikhathi sokuphila kweshelufu somkhiqizo.
17. Izinto zokuhlanza, izibulali-magciwane nezinye izinto eziyingozi ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zibe nokupakishwa okuqinile kanye namalebula acacile, zigcinwe ezindaweni zokugcina impahla ezikhethekile noma emakhabetheni, futhi zigcinwe ngabasebenzi abazinikele.
18. Umsebenzi wokulawula izinambuzane kanye nokulawula izinambuzane kufanele wenziwe njalo noma uma kudingeka endaweni yefektri, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela ukuqoqwa nokuzalana kwamagundane, omiyane, izimpukane, izinambuzane, njll.
19. Izindlu zangasese endaweni yokukhiqiza zingaphandle kweshabhu. Kumelwe zihlanzwe ngamanzi futhi zibe nezindlela zokuvimbela iphunga, omiyane, izimpukane nezinambuzane.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yezempilo
1. Amabhizinisi akhiqiza izimonyo kufanele asungule amakamelo okuhlola ikhwalithi yokuhlanzeka ahambisana namandla awo okukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zokuhlanzeka ngokuhambisana nezidingo zemithethonqubo yokuhlanzeka kwezimonyo. Igumbi lokuhlola ikhwalithi yezempilo kufanele lifakwe amathuluzi nemishini ehambisanayo, futhi libe nohlelo lokuhlola oluqinile. Abasebenzi ababandakanyeka ekuhlolweni kwekhwalithi yezempilo kumele bathole ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti futhi baphumelele ukuhlolwa komnyango wokuphatha impilo wesifundazwe.
2. Iqoqo ngalinye lezimonyo kumele lihlolwe ikhwalithi yokuhlanzeka ngaphambi kokuba lifakwe emakethe, futhi lingaphuma efektri kuphela ngemva kokuphumelela ukuhlolwa.
Izidingo zokuhlanzeka zokugcina izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe
3. Izinto zokusetshenziswa, izinto zokupakisha kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe kumele zigcinwe ezindaweni zokugcina impahla ezihlukene, futhi umthamo wazo kufanele uhambisane nomthamo wokukhiqiza. Ukugcinwa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali avuthayo, aqhumayo kanye nanobuthi kumele kuhambisane nemithethonqubo kazwelonke efanele.
4. Izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinto zokupakisha kufanele zigcinwe ngezigaba futhi zibhalwe ngokucacile. Izimpahla eziyingozi kufanele ziphathwe ngokucophelela futhi zigcinwe zodwa.
5. Imikhiqizo eqediwe ephumelela ukuhlolwa kufanele igcinwe endaweni yokugcina imikhiqizo eqediwe, ihlukaniswe futhi igcinwe ngokwezinhlobo nezinhlobo, futhi akumele ixutshwe. Akuvunyelwe ukugcina izinto ezinobuthi, eziyingozi noma ezinye izinto ezibolayo noma ezivuthayo endaweni yokugcina imikhiqizo eqediwe.
6. Izinto ezigciniwe kufanele zibekwe kude nomhlabathi kanye nezindonga zokuhlukanisa, futhi ibanga akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-10. Kufanele kushiywe izindlela zokudlula, futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa njalo kanye namarekhodi.
7. Indawo yokugcina impahla kumele ibe nomoya wokungenisa umoya, ingangenwa yizimpukane, ingangenwa uthuli, ingangenwa umswakama, ingangenwa yizinambuzane kanye nezinye izindawo. Hlanza njalo futhi ugcine inhlanzeko.
Izidingo zokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu kanye nempilo
1. Abasebenzi ababandakanyeka ngqo ekukhiqizeni izimonyo (kufaka phakathi izisebenzi zesikhashana) kumele bahlolwe impilo njalo ngonyaka, futhi yilabo kuphela abathole isitifiketi sokuhlolwa kwempilo sokuvimbela abangabandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni izimonyo.
2. Abasebenzi kumele baqeqeshwe ngolwazi lwezempilo futhi bathole isitifiketi sokuqeqeshwa kwezempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha izikhundla zabo. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bathola ukuqeqeshwa njalo eminyakeni emibili futhi banerekhodi lokuqeqeshwa.
3. Abasebenzi bokukhiqiza kumele bahlanze futhi bahlanze izandla zabo ngamagciwane ngaphambi kokungena eshabhu, futhi bagqoke izingubo zomsebenzi ezihlanzekile, izigqoko nezicathulo. Izingubo zokusebenza kufanele zimboze izingubo zabo zangaphandle, futhi izinwele zabo akumelwe zivele ngaphandle kwesigqoko.
4. Abasebenzi abathintana ngqo nezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo eqediwe ngokuphelele abavunyelwe ukugqoka ubucwebe, amawashi, ukudaya izinzipho zabo, noma ukugcina izinzipho zabo zinde.
5. Ukubhema, ukudla kanye neminye imisebenzi engase iphazamise ukuhlanzeka kwezimonyo akuvunyelwe endaweni yokukhiqiza.
6. Abasebenzi abalimele ezandleni abavunyelwe ukuthinta izimonyo nezinto zokusetshenziswa.
7. Awuvunyelwe ukugqoka izingubo zomsebenzi, izigqoko nezicathulo kusukela endaweni yokukhiqiza yegumbi elihlanzekile uye ezindaweni ezingezona ezokukhiqiza (njengezindlu zangasese), futhi awuvunyelwe ukuletha izidingo zakho zansuku zonke endaweni yokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-01-2024