Imvamisa ubukhulu bokuhlolwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kufaka phakathi ukuHlolwa Kwebanga Lemvelo Yezemvelo, Ukuhlolwa Kwezinkundla Zokuvunyelwa Kwezemvelo, kufaka phakathi ukudla, imikhiqizo yezempilo, indawo yokusebenzela yomkhiqizo, indawo yokusebenzela yobisi, igumbi lokusebenzelana nezibhedlela, i-biosafety Ama-laboratories, amakhabethe e-biosafety, amabhentshi ahlanzekile, ama-workshop angenawo uthuli, ama-minuranus we-njll.
Okuqukethwe kwegumbi lokuhlanza Ukuhlolwa kwegumbi.
Ukutholwa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile kufanele kukhombe ngokusobala isimo sabo sokuhlala. Amanani ahlukene azophumela emiphumeleni ehlukile yokuhlola. Ngokusho kwe- "Clean Igumbi Design Code" (GB 50073-2001-2), ukuhlolwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kuhlukaniswe izifundazwe ezintathu: isimo esingenalutho, isimo se-static kanye nesimo esinamandla.
(1) Isimo esingenalutho: Lesi sikhungo sakhiwe, wonke amandla axhunyiwe futhi ayasebenza, kepha azikho imishini yokukhiqiza, izinto zokwakha kanye nabasebenzi.
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1. Isivinini somoya, ivolumu yomoya nenombolo yezinguquko zomoya
Ukuhlanzeka kwamakamelo ahlanzekile nezindawo ezihlanzekile kufinyelelwa ngokuthumela ngenani elanele lomoya ohlanzekile ukususa futhi unciphise ukungcoliswa kwenhlanganisela okwenziwe egumbini. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka kakhulu ukukala ivolumu yokuhlinzekelwa komoya, isivinini somoya esivamile, ukuvumelanisa komoya, ukugeleza komoya kanye nephethini lokugeleza kwamakamelo ahlanzekile noma izindawo ezihlanzekile.
Ukuze uthole ukwamukelwa kwamaphrojekthi wekamelo elihlanzekile, "ukwakhiwa kwamakamelo wezwe lami" (JGJ 71-1990) kucacisa kahle ukuthi ukuhlolwa nokulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe esimweni esingenalutho noma isimo se-static. Lo mthethonqubo ungahlola ngesikhathi esifanele futhi uhlole kahle ikhwalithi yephrojekthi, futhi futhi ungazigwema izingxabano ngokuvalwa kwephrojekthi ngenxa yokwehluleka ukufeza imiphumela enamandla njengoba kuhleliwe.
Ekuhlolweni kwangempela kokuqeda, izimo ezingokomfanekiso zivamile futhi izimo ezingenalutho azivamile. Ngoba eminye yemishini yenqubo egumbini elihlanzekile kufanele ibe sendaweni kusenesikhathi. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuhlanzeka, imishini yokucubungula idinga ukusulwa ngokucophelela ukugwema ukuthinta idatha yokuhlola. Imithethonqubo "ekwakheni amakamelo ahlanzekile kanye nokwamukelwa" (GB50591-2010) isetshenziswe ngoFebhuwari 1, 2011 icacile: "16.1.2 Isimo sokuhlala segumbi elihlanzekile sehlukaniswe ngokulandelayo: Ukuhlolwa kokulungiswa kobunjiniyela kufanele ungabi nalutho, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuhlolwa kwephrojekthi yokwamukelwa kwephrojekthi kufanele kube okungenalutho noma kube yi-static, ngenkathi ukuhlolwa nokuqapha ukubonwa kokwamukelwa kufanele kube namandla. Lapho kunesidingo, isimo sokuhlola singakwazi Futhi zinqunywe ngokuxoxisana phakathi komakhi (umsebenzisi) kanye nephathi yokuhlola. "
Ukugeleza okuqondayo kuncike ekuhlanzeni ukuhamba komoya ukusunduza nokususa umoya ongcolile egumbini nasendaweni ukuze uhlanzeke inhlanzeko yegumbi nendawo. Ngakho-ke, ijubane layo le-Air Supply Seartion Speed kanye ne-Unimelelo kufanana namapharamitha abalulekile athinta inhlanzeko. Ijubane lomoya eliphakeme neliphezulu le-Uniform lingasusa ukungcola okukhiqizwa izinqubo zangaphakathi ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo, ngakho-ke ziyizinto zokuhlola amakamelo ahlanzekile esigxile kakhulu kuzo.
Ukugeleza okungelona iqiniso ukugeleza kuncike kakhulu emoyeni ohlanzekile ohlanzekile ukuze unciphise futhi unciphise ukungcola egumbini nasendaweni ukuze kugcinwe inhlanzeko yayo. Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi kukhudlwana inani lomoya womoya kanye nephethini lokuhamba ngendiza elifanele, kuzoba ngcono umphumela we-dilution. Ngakho-ke, ivolumu yokuhlinzeka ngomoya kanye nezinguquko zomoya ezihambisanayo kumakamelo okugeleza okuhlanzekile okuhlanzekile kanye nezindawo ezihlanzekile yizinto zokuhlola umoya ezidonse kakhulu.
2. Ukushisa kanye nomswakama
Ukulinganiswa okushisa kanye nomswakama emakamelweni ahlanzekile noma ama-workshop ahlanzekile ngokujwayelekile kungahlukaniswa ngamazinga amabili: ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokuhlolwa okuphelele. Ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kokuqeda esimweni esingenalutho kulungele ibanga elilandelayo; Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okuphelele kwesimo esibonakalayo noma esinamandla kulungele ibanga elilandelayo. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lulungele izikhathi ezinezidingo eziqinile zokushisa kanye nomswakama.
Lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-airflow Unipromity kanye nokulungiswa kohlelo lokufaka komoya. Ngalesi sikhathi sokuhlola, uhlelo lokupholisa umoya lusebenze kahle futhi izimo ezahlukahlukene zizinzile. Kuncane ukufaka inzwa yomswakama endaweni ngayinye yokulawula umswakama, futhi unikeze inzwa isikhathi esanele sokusimanza. Isilinganiso kufanele silungele ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kuze kube yilapho inzwa iqinile ngaphambi kokuqala ukulinganisa. Isikhathi sokulinganisa kumele sibe ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-5.
3. Umehluko wengcindezi
Lolu hlobo lokuhlola ukuqinisekisa amandla okugcina umehluko othile wokucindezela phakathi kwesikhungo esigcwalisiwe nendawo ezungezile, naphakathi kwesikhala ngasinye esikhungweni. Lokhu kutholwa kusebenza kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezi-3 zomsebenzi. Lokhu kuhlola kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukutholwa komehluko wengcindezi kufanele kwenziwe ngayo yonke iminyango kuvaliwe, kusukela ekucindezelweni okuphezulu kuya kwengcindezi ephansi, kusukela egumbini elingaphakathi elikude kude nesakhiwo, bese lihlola ngaphandle ngokulandelana. Amakamelo ahlanzekile amamaki ahlukene anezimbobo ezixhumene nazo zinezikhombisi-ndlela eziwukufika kuphela lapho kufakwa khona.
Izidingo zokuhlola Umehluko:
(1) Lapho yonke iminyango esendaweni ehlanzekile iyadingeka ukuthi ivalwe, umehluko wengcindezi eqinile ulinganiswa.
(2) egumbini elihlanzekile, qhubeka ngokulandelana kusuka ekuhlanzeni okuphansi kuze kube yilapho igumbi elinokufinyelela okuqondile ngaphandle okutholakele.
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(4) Idatha elinganisiwe nerekhondiwe kufanele libe linembile ku-1.0pa.
Ingcindezi yokutholwa kokutholwa kokutholwa:
(1) Vala yonke iminyango.
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(3) Yonke imininingwane kufanele iqoshwe.
Ingcindezelo yokuqamba izidingo:
(1) Umehluko wengcindezi eqinile phakathi kwamakamelo ahlanzekile noma izindawo ezihlanzekile zamazinga ahlukene namakamelo angahlanzekile (izindawo) kuyadingeka ukuze ube ngaphezu kwe-5PA.
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(4) Uma izidingo ezijwayelekile ezingenhla zingafinyelelwanga, ivolumu yomoya entsha kanye nevolumu yomoya yokuphelelwa amandla kufanele ilungiswe kuze kube yilapho ifanelekile.
4. Izinhlayiya ezimisiwe
(1) Abahloli bangaphakathi kumele bagqoke izingubo ezihlanzekile futhi kufanele babe bancane kunabantu ababili. Kufanele zibekwe ohlangothini oluphansi lwendawo yokuhlola futhi kude nephuzu lokuhlola. Kufanele bathuthe kancane lapho kushintsha amaphuzu ukugwema ukwandisa ukuphazanyiswa kwabasebenzi ekuhlanzekeni ngaphakathi.
(2) Imishini kumele isetshenziswe esikhathini sokulinganisa.
(3) Imishini kumele isulwe ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlolwa.
. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, itheku le-Sampling kufanele libhekane nesiqondisi esikhulu sokugeleza komoya. Amaphuzu angewona ama-an-an-unidirectional flow sampling, itheku lokusampula kufanele liqonde phezulu.
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5. Amagciwane antantayo
Inani lamaphuzu wesampula aphansi ahambelana nenombolo yamaphoyinti asamisiwe asampula. Amaphuzu wokulinganisa endaweni yomsebenzi acishe abe ngu-0.8-1.2m ngaphezulu komhlaba. Amaphoyinti wokulinganisa ezitolo ezinikezela ngomoya acishe abe ngu-30cm kude ne-Air Supply Supply. Amaphoyinti wokulinganisa angangezwa emishini ebalulekile noma emisebenzini yomsebenzi wokhiye. , Iphuzu ngalinye lesampula livame ukukhishwa kanye.
I-6. Senter bacteria
Sebenza kude ne-0.8-1.2m emhlabathini. Beka isidlo se-petri esilungiselelwe endaweni yesampula. Vula ikhava yesitsha se-petri. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esibekiwe, amboze isidlo se-petri futhi. Beka isidlo se-petri ku-Connetiten Connerence ehlala njalo ukuze ulinywe. Isikhathi esidingekayo ngaphezulu kwamahora angama-48, i-batch ngayinye kufanele ibe nokuhlolwa kokulawula ukubheka ukungcoliswa kwesiko eliphakathi.
7. Umsindo
Uma ukuphakama kokulinganisa kungamamitha ayi-1,2 ukusuka emhlabathini futhi indawo yegumbi elihlanzekile ingaphakathi kwamamitha-skwele angama-skwele, kuphela iphuzu elilodwa enkabeni yegumbi lingalinganiswa; Uma indawo ingaphezulu kwamamitha-skwele ayi-15, amaphuzu amane we-diagonal nawo kufanele alinganiswe, iphuzu elilodwa eli-1 ukusuka odongeni oluseceleni, amaphuzu wokulinganisa abheke ekhoneni ngalinye.
8. Ukukhanyisa
Indawo yokulinganisa iphuzu icishe ibe ngamamitha ayi-0,8 ukusuka emhlabathini, futhi amaphuzu ahlelwe amamitha ama-2 ngaphandle. Amakamelo ngaphakathi kwamamitha-skwele angama-30, amaphuzu wokulinganisa angamamitha ayi-0.5 kude nodonga oluseceleni. Amakamelo amakhulu kunamamitha-skwele angama-30, amaphuzu wokulinganisa ayimitha eyi-1 kude nodonga.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-14-2023