Ezindaweni ezinezidingo zokuhlanzeka eziphakeme kakhulu, njengamagumbi okusebenzela esibhedlela, ama-workshop e-electronic chip, kanye nama-laboratory ezinto eziphilayo, ukwakhiwa kwamagumbi okuhlanza kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukukhiqizwa okuphephile kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Akuyona into engaqondakali ukuthi amaphaneli e-cleanroom ahlala ephethe isikhundla esijwayelekile ekwakhiweni kwamagumbi okuhlanza—abhekana nezidingo zamagumbi okuhlanza amaphaneli avamile alwela ukuhlangabezana nazo, abe yitshe lesisekelo lokuvikelwa kwamagumbi okuhlanza.
1. Lawula ukungcola emthonjeni: susa "imithombo yokungcola engabonakali" bese ugcina indawo ehlanzekile.
Isidingo esiyinhloko sokwakhiwa kwegumbi lokuhlanza "akungcolisi nhlobo," kodwa amaphaneli avamile (njengebhodi le-gypsum lendabuko kanye nokhuni) avame ukuba namaphutha angokwemvelo: amunca kalula umswakama kanye nesikhunta, akhipha uthuli kalula, futhi ngisho nezikhala phakathi kwamalunga zingaba izindawo zokugcina uthuli kanye nama-microorganism. Amaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza agwema ngokuphelele le nkinga ngokombono wezinto ezibonakalayo, ngokombono wezinto zokwakha kuya kobuciko. Izinto eziyinhloko ezifana noboya bedwala, i-magnesium yengilazi, kanye nedwala le-silica zikhethwa ngokucophelela, azikhiqizi uthuli, azimunci umswakama, futhi azilwi namagciwane, ngakho-ke azikhiphi ukungcola ngenkuthalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bazo bokuvala buyathuthukiswa: izivalo ezikhethekile kanye namalunga olimi kanye nomsele kuyasetshenziswa lapho kuhlanganiswa amaphaneli, kuvalwa ngokuphelele izikhala futhi kuvinjwe ngempumelelo uthuli namagciwane athwalwa umoya wangaphandle ukuthi angangeni egumbini lokuhlanza, kususwa ngempumelelo izindlela zokungcola emthonjeni.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukulawula okuqinile kothuli olusezingeni le-micron ezindaweni zokusebenzela ze-elekthronikhi noma isidingo sendawo engcolile emakamelweni okusebenzela esibhedlela, amaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza ahlinzeka ngomugqa wokuqala wokuvikela ukuhlanzeka.
2. Kulula ukuyihlanza nokuyinakekela: ifanele ukuhlanza njalo, inciphisa izindleko zesikhathi eside.
Amagumbi okuhlanza adinga ukuhlanza njalo nokuhlanza (isb., ukuhlanza ngemva kokuhlinzwa emakamelweni okusebenza esibhedlela kanye nokuhlanza nsuku zonke ezimbonini zokucubungula ukudla). Izindawo zamaphaneli okunzima ukuzinakekela azigcini nje ngokwandisa umsebenzi wokuhlanza kodwa futhi zingashiya ukungcola "emakhoneni angahlanzwanga," okubeka izingozi zokuphepha. Ukwakheka kwendawo yamaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza kufaneleka kahle ezidingweni zokuhlanza njalo:
Izinto zokwakha ezihlala isikhathi eside: Insimbi ehlanganisiwe, insimbi enemibala, nezinye izinto ezibushelelezi zivame ukusetshenziswa, okuholela endaweni engenazimbobo futhi engenamthungo. Izibulala-magciwane (ezifana nezibulala-magciwane ezisekelwe ku-alcohol kanye ne-chlorine) ngeke zibole noma zibole ngemva kokusula.
Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanza: Amabala angaphezulu angasuswa ngokushesha ngendwangu, okususa isidingo samathuluzi ayinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kususa amakhona afile lapho ukungcola nokungcola kungahlala khona, kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhlanza nezindleko zomsebenzi ngenkathi kunciphisa nomonakalo kumaphaneli ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanza.
3. Ukusebenza okuzinzile: kufanelekile ezindaweni ezinzima, okuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside
Izindawo zobunjiniyela begumbi lokuhlanza zivame ukuhluka: amanye ama-workshop e-elekthronikhi adinga izinga lokushisa elilinganayo kanye nomswakama, amakamelo okusebenzela ezibhedlela axhumana njalo nezibulala-magciwane, kanti amalabhorethri ezinto eziphilayo angase achayeke kumagesi aqothulayo. Amaphaneli ajwayelekile asengozini yokuguquka nokuguga kulezi zindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okubeka engcupheni ukuvalwa nokuqina kwegumbi lokuhlanza. Amaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza anikeza ukusebenza okuzinzile okufanele zonke izimo:
Ukumelana okunamandla okunezilinganiso eziningi: Akugcini nje ngokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulinganisa umlilo (isibonelo, amaphaneli e-glass-magnesium core cleanroom afinyelela izinga lomlilo le-Class A), futhi amelana nomswakama, amelana nokuguga, futhi amelana nokugqwala. Ngisho nasezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa elihlala isikhathi eside kanye nomswakama noma ukubulala amagciwane njalo, awathinteki kalula ekuguqukeni, ekuqhekekeni, nasekubuneni.
Amandla anele esakhiwo: Ukuqina okuphezulu kwamaphaneli kuvumela ukuthi amelane nemithwalo yophahla kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwamaphrojekthi egumbi lokuhlanza, okususa isidingo sokuqinisa okwengeziwe futhi kuvimbele ukwehluleka kwegumbi lokuhlanza ngenxa yokuguquka kwesakhiwo.
Kumagumbi okuhlanza adinga ukusebenza okuzinzile isikhathi eside (njengezindawo zokusebenzela ze-semiconductor ezidinga ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo noma amagumbi okusebenza esibhedlela adinga ukutholakala amahora angama-24), ukuzinza kwamaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza kunquma ngqo impilo yesevisi yephrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza.
4. Ukwakhiwa okuphumelelayo: ukwakhiwa kwe-modular kunciphisa imijikelezo yephrojekthi.
Amaphrojekthi e-Cleanroom avame ukubhekana nezikhathi ezibekiwe eziqinile—izinkampani ze-elekthronikhi zidinga ukuqala ukukhiqiza ngokushesha okukhulu, kanti izibhedlela zidinga ukuvula amakamelo okusebenza amasha ngokushesha okukhulu. Imijikelezo yokwakha ende ingathinta ngqo ukukhiqiza kanye nenqubekela phambili yezokwelapha. Ukwakheka kwamaphaneli e-cleanroom okwenziwa ngendlela efanayo kulungisa lesi simo esibuhlungu:
Izinga eliphezulu lokufakelwa kusengaphambili: Amaphaneli e-Cleanroom alungiswa kusengaphambili efektri, okususa isidingo sokusika nokupholisha endaweni (ukuvimbela ukungcola kothuli). Ukufakwa okusheshayo nokulula: Besebenzisa inqubo yokufaka ehleliwe, abasebenzi bamane bahlanganise futhi baqinise amaphaneli ngokwemidwebo yomklamo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenqubo yendabuko yokuplasta nokupenda endaweni, ukusebenza kahle kokwakha kukhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-50%, okuvumela ukusungulwa okusheshayo kwegumbi lokuhlanza elivaliwe.
Isibonelo, endaweni yokusebenzela kagesi ye-Class 1,000, ukusebenzisa amaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza ukwakha izindonga zokuhlukanisa kanye nophahla ngokuvamile kuqeda ukufakwa okuyinhloko emavikini angu-1-2, kunciphisa kakhulu umjikelezo wephrojekthi futhi kuvumela izinkampani ukuthi ziqale ukukhiqiza ngokushesha.
Ngamafuphi: Amaphaneli e-Cleanroom awayona inketho; ayisidingo!
Ingqikithi yobunjiniyela begumbi lokuhlanza "indawo ehlanzekile elawulwayo." Amaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza, anezinzuzo zawo ezine ezibalulekile zokulawula ukungcola, ukuhlanzwa okulula, ukuzinza, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ahlangabezana kahle nale mfuneko eyinhloko. Akuzona nje "izinto" zokwakha izikhala zegumbi lokuhlanza, kodwa futhi "ingxenye eyinhloko" eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside nokwethembekile kwamaphrojekthi egumbi lokuhlanza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokombono wobuchwepheshe noma ngenani lokusebenza elisebenzayo, amaphaneli egumbi lokuhlanza abe "yindinganiso" yobunjiniyela begumbi lokuhlanza, ukukhetha kwemvelo kokuthuthukiswa kwemboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-14-2025