Ukwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile ngokuvamile kuhilela ukwakha indawo enkulu ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sohlaka oluyinhloko. Kusetshenziswa izinto zokuqedela ezifanele, igumbi lokuhlanza liyahlukaniswa futhi lihlotshiswe ngokwezidingo zenqubo ukuze kwakhiwe igumbi elihlanzekile elihlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa. Ukulawulwa kokungcola endlini ehlanzekile kudinga imizamo edidiyelwe yochwepheshe efana nokupholisa umoya kanye nezinhlelo ezishintshayo. Izimboni ezahlukene nazo zidinga ukwesekwa okukhethekile. Isibonelo, amagumbi okuhlinzela esibhedlela adinga igesi yezokwelapha eyengeziwe (njenge-oxygen ne-nitrogen) izinhlelo zokulethwa; amagumbi okuhlanza amakhemisi adinga amapayipi okucubungula ukuze ahlinzeke ngamanzi akhishiwe nomoya ocindezelwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokudonsa amanzi zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Ngokusobala, ukwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kudinga idizayini ehlanganyelwayo kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhakha eminingi (okuhlanganisa isimo sezulu, amasistimu azishintshayo, igesi, amapayipi, kanye nokukhipha amanzi).
1. Uhlelo lwe-HVAC
Ukulawulwa kwemvelo okunembayo kungafinyelelwa kanjani? Isistimu ye-air conditioning yokuhlanza, ehlanganisa okokusebenza komoya wokuhlanza, imigudu yokuhlanza, nezinsiza zamavalvu, ilawula imingcele yasendlini efana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukuhlanzeka, isivinini somoya, umehluko wengcindezi, kanye nekhwalithi yomoya wasendlini.
Izingxenye ezisebenzayo zemishini ye-air conditioning yokuhlanza zihlanganisa iyunithi yokusingatha umoya (AHU), iyunithi yesihlungi sabalandeli (FFU), kanye nesibambi somoya omusha. Izidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo zesistimu yamapayipi ahlanzekile: Insimbi engagqwali (ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala), insimbi engagqwali (ezokusebenza zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu), indawo yangaphakathi ebushelelezi (ukunciphisa ukumelana komoya). Izingxenye ze-accessory ye-valve engukhiye: I-valve yevolumu yomoya eqhubekayo (CAV)/I-Variable air volume valve (VAV) - igcina umthamo womoya ozinzile; i-valve yokuvala kagesi (ukuvalwa okuphuthumayo ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa okuphambene); i-valve yokulawula ivolumu yomoya (ukulinganisa ukucindezela komoya endaweni ngayinye yomoya).
2. Ukulawula Okuzenzakalelayo kanye Nogesi
Izidingo Ezikhethekile Zokukhanyisa Nokusabalalisa Amandla: Izinto zokukhanyisa kumele zivikeleke uthuli futhi zingaqhumi (isb., ezindaweni zokusebenzela ze-elekthronikhi) futhi kube lula ukuzihlanza (isb., ezindaweni zokusebenzela ze-GMP zokwenza imithi). Ukukhanyisa kufanele kuhlangabezane nezindinganiso zomkhakha (isb, ≥500 lux embonini yezogesi). Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile: Amalambu ephaneli eyisicaba e-LED aqondene negumbi elihlanzekile (ukufakwa okuphindiwe, okunemicu yokuvala evikela uthuli). Izinhlobo zomthwalo wokusabalalisa amandla: Nikeza amandla kubalandeli, amaphampu, okokusebenza kokucubungula, njll. Ukuqalisa ukuphazamiseka kwamanje nokuvumelanayo (isb, ukulayishwa kwe-inverter) kufanele kubalwe. I-redundancy: Imishini ebalulekile (isb., amayunithi okupholisa umoya) kufanele inikezwe amandla ngamasekhethi akabili noma ifakwe i-UPS. Amaswishi namasokhethi okufakwa kwezinto zikagesi: Sebenzisa insimbi engagqwali evaliwe. Ukuphakama nendawo yokukhweza kufanele kugweme izindawo ezifile zokugeleza komoya (ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kothuli). Ukusebenzisana Kwesiginali: Ochwepheshe bakagesi bayadingeka ukuthi banikeze amandla kanye nokulawula amasekhethi esignali (isb, 4-20mA noma ukuxhumana kwe-Modbus) ngezinzwa zokushisa zomoya kanye nezinzwa zomswakama, izinzwa zengcindezi ehlukile, nama-actuator e-damper. I-Differential Pressure Control: Ilungisa ukuvuleka komoya omusha namavalvu okukhipha umoya ngokusekelwe kuzinzwa zokucindezela ezihlukene. I-Air Volume Bancing: Isiguquli sefrikhwensi silungisa isivinini sabalandeli ukuze sihlangabezane nama-setpoints okunikezwa, ukubuyisela, kanye nokukhipha amavolumu omoya.
3. Inqubo yokufaka amapayipi
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesistimu yamapayipi: Thutha imidiya ngokunembile ukuze ihlangabezane nokuhlanzeka kwegumbi, ingcindezi, nokugeleza kwezidingo zamagesi (isb., i-nitrogen, umoya-mpilo) noketshezi (amanzi akhishwe yi-deionized, izihlanzi). Ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa nokuvuza, izinto zamapayipi nezindlela zokuvala kufanele zigweme ukuchitheka kwezinhlayiyana, ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali, nokukhula kwama-microbial.
4. Okukhethekile Decoration kanye Materials
Ukukhethwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile: Umgomo othi "Nos Six" uqine kakhulu. Okungathuli: Izinto ezikhipha i-fiber (isb, ibhodi le-gypsum, upende ovamile) azivunyelwe. Kunconywa amaphaneli ensimbi ane-metal side kanye ne-antibacterial color-coated. Ingafaki Uthuli: Indawo engaphezulu kufanele ingabi nezimbotshana (isb., i-epoxy self-leveling flooring) ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kothuli. Ukuhlanza Kulula: Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zimelane nezindlela zokuhlanza ezifana nezijethi zamanzi ezinomfutho ophezulu, utshwala ne-hydrogen peroxide (isb., insimbi engagqwali enamakhona ayindilinga). Ukumelana Nokugqwala: Ingazweli kuma-asidi, ama-alkali, nezibulala-magciwane (isb., izindonga ezimbozwe nge-PVDF). Amalunga Angenamthungo/Aqinile: Sebenzisa ama-welding abalulekile noma ama-sealant akhethekile (isb., asilicone) ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-microbial. I-Anti-static: Isendlalelo se-conductive (isb., isisekelo se-copper foil) siyadingeka kumagumbi okuhlanza e-electronic.
Amazinga Omsebenzi: Kudingeka ukunemba kwezinga lemilimitha. Ukucaba: Izindonga zodonga kufanele zihlolwe nge-laser ngemva kokufakwa, zibe nezikhala ≤ 0.5mm (u-2-3mm ngokuvamile uvunyelwe ezakhiweni zokuhlala). Ukwelashwa Kwekhona Eliyindilinga: Wonke amakhona angaphakathi nangaphandle kufanele ayindilinga ngo-R ≥ 50mm (qhathanisa nama-engeli angakwesokudla noma imicu yokuhlobisa engu-R 10mm ezakhiweni zokuhlala) ukuze kuncishiswe izindawo ezingaboni emehlweni. I-Airightness: Izibani nezisekelo kufanele zifakwe ngaphambili, futhi amalunga kufanele avalwe ngeglue (efakwe phezulu noma enezimbobo zokungenisa umoya, ezivamile ezakhiweni zokuhlala).
Ukusebenza > Ubuhle. Ukususa i-sculpting: Ukubumba okuhlobisa kanye nokubunjwa kwe-concave kanye ne-convex (okujwayelekile ezakhiweni zokuhlala, njengezindonga zangemuva kanye namazinga osilingi) akuvunyelwe. Yonke imiklamo yenzelwe ukuhlanzwa okulula nokuvimbela ukungcola. Idizayini Efihliwe: I-drain drainage floor iyinsimbi engagqwali, engaphumi, futhi ibhodi eliphansi ligubha odongeni (amabhodi aphansi aphumayo avamile ezakhiweni zokuhlala).
Isiphetho
Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezihlanzekile kuhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi kanye nohwebo, okudinga ukuxhumana phakathi kwakho. Izinkinga kunoma yisiphi isixhumanisi zizothinta ikhwalithi yokwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2025