Kunezinhlobo eziningi zegumbi elihlanzekile, njengegumbi elihlanzekile lokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, imithi, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukudla, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, imishini enembile, amakhemikhali amahle, izindiza, i-aerospace, kanye nemikhiqizo yezimboni zenuzi. Lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zegumbi elihlanzekile zihlanganisa isikali, izinqubo zokukhiqiza umkhiqizo, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zegumbi elihlanzekile yizinhloso ezihlukene zokulawula ukungcola endaweni ehlanzekile; ummeleli ojwayelekile ohlose ngokuyinhloko ukulawula izinhlayiya ezingcolisayo yigumbi elihlanzekile lokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, elawula ngokuyinhloko ama-microorganisms nezinhlayiya. Ummeleli ojwayelekile walokho okuhlosiwe uyigumbi elihlanzekile lokukhiqizwa kwemithi. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ama-workshops ahlanzekile embonini ye-elekthronikhi, njengamakamelo amakhulu ahlanzekile okukhiqiza ama-chip wesifunda ahlanganisiwe, akufanele nje kuphela alawule ngokuqinile izinhlayiya ze-nano-scale, kodwa futhi alawule ngokuqinile ukungcola kwamakhemikhali/ukungcola kwamangqamuzana endaweni. umoya.
Izinga lokuhlanzeka komoya lezinhlobo ezahlukene zegumbi elihlanzekile lihlobene nohlobo lomkhiqizo kanye nenqubo yawo yokukhiqiza. Izinga lenhlanzeko lamanje elidingekayo ekamelweni elihlanzekile embonini yezogesi ngu-IS03~8. Amanye amagumbi ahlanzekile okukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi abuye afakwe imishini yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo. Idivayisi encane yemvelo inezinga lokuhlanzeka elifika ku-IS0 class 1 noma i-ISO class 2; indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile yokukhiqizwa kwemithi isekelwe ezinguqulweni eziningi ze-China "I-Good Manufacturing Practice for Pharmaceuticals" (GMP) yezidakamizwa eziyinyumba, imithi engeyona inzalo, Kunemithetho ecacile mayelana namazinga okuhlanzeka kwegumbi ahlanzekile amalungiselelo emithi yesiShayina, njll. "Umkhuba Omuhle Wokukhiqiza Wemithi" wamanje uhlukanisa amazinga okuhlanzeka komoya abe amazinga amane: A, B, C, kanye no-D. Uma kubhekwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zegumbi elihlanzekile zinezinqubo ezihlukene zokukhiqiza nokukhiqiza umkhiqizo, izikali ezihlukene, namazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka. Ubuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile, imishini kanye nezinhlelo, ubuchwepheshe bamapayipi namapayipi, izinsiza zikagesi, njll. ezihilelekile ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kobunjiniyela kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zegumbi elihlanzekile kuhlukile.
Isibonelo, okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kwama-workshops ahlanzekile embonini ye-elekthronikhi kuhluke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izinto zikagesi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi. Okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kwama-workshops ahlanzekile kwenqubo yangaphambi kwenqubo kanye nenqubo yokupakisha yokukhiqizwa kwesifunda esididiyelwe nakho kuhluke kakhulu. Uma kuyimikhiqizo ye-microelectronic, Okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kobunjiniyela kwegumbi elihlanzekile, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwe-wafer yesekethe edidiyelwe kanye nokukhiqizwa kwephaneli ye-LCD, kufaka phakathi: (ngaphandle kwesakhiwo esikhulu sefekthri, njll.) umhlobiso wesakhiwo segumbi elihlanzekile, ukufakwa kwesistimu ye-air conditioning yokuhlanza , isistimu ye-exhaust/exhaust kanye nokufakwa kwesikhungo sayo sokuhlanza, ukufakwa kwesikhungo sokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye ne-drainage (okuhlanganisa amanzi okupholisa, amanzi omlilo, amanzi ahlanzekile/isistimu yamanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu, amanzi angcolile okukhiqiza, njll.), igesi ukufakwa kwesikhungo sokuhlinzeka (okubandakanya isistimu yegesi ngobuningi, isistimu yegesi ekhethekile, isistimu yomoya ecindezelwe, njll.), ukufakwa kohlelo lokuhlinzeka ngamakhemikhali, ukufakwa kwezinsiza zikagesi (kubandakanya izintambo zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, njll.). Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwemithombo yegesi yezindawo zokuhlinzeka ngegesi, izindawo zomthombo wamanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile nezinye izinhlelo, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo nobunzima bemishini ehlobene, iningi lazo alifakiwe ezimbonini ezihlanzekile, kodwa amapayipi awo avamile.
Ukwakhiwa nokufakwa kwezindawo zokulawula umsindo, amadivaysi e-anti-micro vibration, ama-anti-static, njll. emakamelweni ahlanzekile afakiwe. Okuqukethwe ekwakhiweni kwama-workshops ahlanzekile okukhiqizwa kwemithi ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa ukuhlotshiswa kwesakhiwo samakamelo ahlanzekile, ukwakhiwa nokufakwa kwezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya zokuhlanza, nokufakwa kwezinhlelo zokukhipha umoya. , ukufakwa kwamanzi kanye nezindawo zokudonsa amanzi (okuhlanganisa amanzi okupholisa, amanzi omlilo, amanzi angcolile okukhiqiza, njll.), ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ngegesi (amasistimu omoya ocindezelwe, njll.), ukufakwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile namasistimu omjovo wamanzi, ukufakwa kwezinsiza zikagesi. , njll.
Kusukela kokuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla zama-workshops ahlanzekile, kungabonakala ukuthi okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa nokufakwa kwama-workshop ahlukahlukene ahlanzekile ngokuvamile kufana. Nakuba "amagama afana ngokuyisisekelo, incazelo yokuqukethwe kokwakhiwa ngezinye izikhathi ihluke kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukwakhiwa komhlobiso wegumbi elihlanzekile nokuqukethwe komhlobiso, ama-workshops ahlanzekile okukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-microelectronic ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-ISO class 5 amakamelo ahlanzekile ahlanzekile. , futhi iphansi legumbi elihlanzekile lithatha iphansi eliphakanyisiwe elinezimbobo zomoya ezibuyayo Ngaphansi kwesitezi esiphakanyisiwe sesitezi sokukhiqiza kune-mezzanine yobuchwepheshe ephansi, futhi ngaphezu kophahla olumisiwe kukhona umshini ophezulu wobuchwepheshe; I-mezzanine Imvamisa, i-mezzanine ephezulu isetshenziswa njenge-plenum yokuhlinzeka komoya, futhi i-mezzanine ephansi yobuchwepheshe isetshenziswa njenge-plenum yomoya yokubuyisela ngeke ingcoliswe ukungcola i-mezzanine yobuchwepheshe ephezulu/ephansi, indawo engaphansi neyodonga ye-mezzanine yobuchwepheshe ephezulu/ephansi kufanele ngokuvamile ipendwe njengoba kudingekile, futhi ngokuvamile i-mezzanine yobuchwepheshe ephezulu/ephansi I-interlayer yobuchwepheshe ingahlonyiswa ngamapayipi amanzi ahambisanayo, amapayipi egesi, amapayipi omoya ahlukahlukene, namapayipi amanzi ahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezidingo zamapayipi nezintambo (ikhebula) zomsebenzi ngamunye.
Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zegumbi elihlanzekile zinokusetshenziswa okuhlukile noma izinjongo zokwakha, izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo, noma ngisho noma izinhlobo zomkhiqizo zifana, kukhona umehluko esikalini noma izinqubo zokukhiqiza / izisetshenziswa, futhi okuqukethwe kokwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwangempela nokufakwa kwamaphrojekthi athile ahlanzekile ekamelweni kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nezidingo zemidwebo yobunjiniyela bobunjiniyela, imibhalo kanye nezidingo zenkontileka phakathi kweqembu lokwakha nomnikazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlinzeko nezimfuneko zamazinga afanele kanye nokucaciswa kufanele kusetshenziswe ngonembeza. Ngesisekelo sokugaya ngokunembile imibhalo yokuklama kobunjiniyela, izinqubo ezingenzeka zokwakha, amapulani kanye namazinga ekhwalithi yokwakha amaphrojekthi athile wobunjiniyela ahlanzekile kufanele kwakhiwe, futhi amaphrojekthi ahlanzekile akhiwe kufanele aqedwe ngesikhathi futhi ngokwakhiwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-30-2023