Kusukela yamenyezelwa ngo-1992, "Umkhuba Omuhle Wokukhiqiza Izidakamizwa" (GMP) embonini yezemithi yaseShayina kancane kancane iye yaqashelwa, yamukelwa, futhi yasetshenziswa amabhizinisi okukhiqiza imithi. I-GMP iyinqubomgomo kazwelonke eyisibopho yamabhizinisi, futhi amabhizinisi ahlulekayo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe azoyeka ukukhiqiza.
Okuqukethwe okuwumgogodla wesitifiketi se-GMP ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yokukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa. Okuqukethwe kwayo kungafingqwa kube izingxenye ezimbili: ukuphathwa kwesoftware kanye nezinsiza zehadiwe. Isakhiwo samakamelo ahlanzekile singenye yezingxenye ezinkulu zokutshala imali ezikhungweni zehardware. Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwesakhiwo segumbi elihlanzekile, ukuthi lingakwazi yini ukufeza izinhloso zokuklama futhi lihlangabezane nezidingo ze-GMP kufanele ekugcineni kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa.
Phakathi nokuhlolwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile, abanye babo bahlulekile ekuhlolweni kwenhlanzeko, abanye bengabendawo efektri, kanti abanye bekuwumsebenzi wonke. Uma ukuhlola kungafaneleki, nakuba zombili izinhlangothi zifinyelele izimfuneko ngokulungisa, ukulungisa amaphutha, ukuhlanza, njll., ngokuvamile kumosha abasebenzi abaningi nezinsizakusebenza, kubambezeleka isikhathi sokwakha, futhi kubambezele inqubo yesitifiketi se-GMP. Ezinye izizathu nokukhubazeka kungagwenywa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Emsebenzini wethu wangempela, sithole ukuthi izizathu eziyinhloko nezindlela zokuthuthukisa zokuhlanzeka okungafanelekile kanye nokwehluleka kwe-GMP kufaka phakathi:
1. Idizayini yobunjiniyela engenangqondo
Lesi simo asivamile uma kuqhathaniswa, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwamakamelo amancane ahlanzekile anezidingo eziphansi zokuhlanzeka. Umncintiswano wobunjiniyela bamagumbi ahlanzekile ushubile manje, futhi amanye amayunithi okwakha anikeze amakhotheshini aphansi kumabhidi awo wokuthola iphrojekthi. Esigabeni sakamuva sokwakha, amanye amayunithi asetshenziselwa ukusika amakhona futhi asebenzise amayunithi acindezela umoya womoya ophansi kanye namayunithi okucindezela umoya ngenxa yokuntula ulwazi, okuholele ekunikezeni amandla okungafani nendawo ehlanzekile, okuholela ekuhlanzekeni okungafanelekile. Esinye isizathu ukuthi umsebenzisi wengeze izidingo ezintsha kanye nendawo ehlanzekile ngemva kokuqala komklamo nokwakhiwa, okuzokwenza futhi idizayini yasekuqaleni ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo. Lokhu kushiyeka kokuzalwa kunzima ukuthuthukisa futhi kufanele kugwenywe phakathi nesigaba sokuklama ubunjiniyela.
2. Ukushintsha imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi
Ekusetshenzisweni kwezihlungi ze-hepa emakamelweni ahlanzekile, izwe libeka ukuthi ekwelapheni ukuhlanzwa komoya ngezinga lenhlanzeko lika-100000 noma ngaphezulu, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuhlungwa kwamazinga amathathu okuhlunga okuyisisekelo, okuphakathi, kanye ne-hepa. Phakathi nenqubo yokuqinisekisa, kwatholakala ukuthi iphrojekthi enkulu yegumbi elihlanzekile isebenzisa isihlungi somoya se-hepa ukuze singene esikhundleni sesihlungi somoya se-hepa ezingeni lokuhlanzeka le-10000, okuholela ekuhlanzekeni okungafanelekile. Ekugcineni, isihlungi esisebenza kahle kakhulu sashintshwa ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo zesitifiketi se-GMP.
3. Ukuvaleka kahle komgudu wokuhambisa umoya noma isihlungi
Lesi simo sibangelwa ukwakhiwa okunzima, futhi ngesikhathi sokwamukelwa, kungase kubonakale sengathi igumbi elithile noma ingxenye yesistimu efanayo ayifaneleki. Indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlola ukuvuza komgudu wokunikezela komoya, futhi isihlungi sisebenzisa isibali sezinhlayiyana ukuskena ingxenye enqamulayo, iglue yokuvala, nohlaka lokufaka lwesihlungi, sihlonze indawo evuzayo, futhi siyivale ngokucophelela.
4. Ukuklanywa okungekuhle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemigudu yomoya yokubuyisela noma izintuba zomoya
Ngokuya ngezizathu zokuklama, ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwesikhala, ukusetshenziswa "kokubuya kohlangothi oluphezulu lokunikezela" noma inombolo enganele yokubuyisela umoya akwenzeki. Ngemuva kokuqeda izizathu zokuklama, ukulungiswa kwama-air vents okubuyisela nakho kuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile sokwakha. Uma ukulungisa iphutha kungalungile, ukumelana kwe-air outlet yokubuyisela kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi umthamo womoya wokubuyisela ungaphansi komthamo womoya wokuhlinzeka, kuzophinde kubangele ukuhlanzeka okungafanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphakama kwe-air outlet yokubuya emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa nakho kuthinta ukuhlanzeka.
5. Isikhathi esinganele sokuzihlanza sesistimu yegumbi elihlanzekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa
Ngokwendinganiso kazwelonke, umzamo wokuhlola uzoqalwa imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lwesiphephetha-moya sokuhlanza lusebenze ngokujwayelekile. Uma isikhathi sokusebenza sisifushane kakhulu, singabangela nokuhlanzeka okungafanelekile. Kulokhu, kwanele ukwandisa isikhathi sokusebenza sohlelo lokuhlanza umoya womoya ngendlela efanele.
6. Isistimu ye-air conditioning yokuhlanza ayizange ihlanzwe kahle
Phakathi nenqubo yokwakha, lonke uhlelo lwe-air conditioning yokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzeka nokubuyisela imigudu yomoya, aluqediwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi izisebenzi zokwakha kanye nendawo yokwakha zingabangela ukungcoliswa kwemigudu yokuphefumula kanye nezihlungi. Uma ingahlanzwa kahle, izothinta ngqo imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Isinyathelo sokuthuthukisa siwukuhlanza ngenkathi kwakhiwa, futhi ngemva kokuba ingxenye yangaphambili yokufakwa kwamapayipi isihlanzwe kahle, ifilimu yepulasitiki ingase isetshenziselwe ukulivala ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola okubangelwa izici zemvelo.
7. Ishabhu yokusebenzela ehlanzekile ayihlanzwanga kahle
Ngokungangabazeki, indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile kufanele ihlanzwe kahle ngaphambi kokuthi kuqhutshekwe nokuhlolwa. Idinga ukuthi izisebenzi ezisulayo zokugcina zigqoke izingubo zokusebenza ezihlanzekile ukuze zihlanzeke ukuze kuqedwe ukungcola okubangelwa umzimba womuntu womuntu ohlanzayo. Izinto zokuhlanza kungaba amanzi kampompi, amanzi ahlanzekile, izincibilikisi eziphilayo, okokuhlanza okungathathi hlangothi, njll. Kulabo abanezimfuneko zokunqanda ukushuba, sula kahle ngendwangu ecwiliswe oketshezini olungaguquguquki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2023