Namuhla, iningi lezicelo zamakamelo ahlanzekile, ikakhulukazi lawo asetshenziswa embonini ye-elekthronikhi, linezidingo eziqinile zokushisa okungaguquki kanye nomswakama ongaguquki. Azigcini nje ngokuba nezidingo eziqinile zokushisa kanye nomswakama ekamelweni elihlanzekile, kodwa futhi zinezidingo eziqinile zobubanzi bokushintshashintsha kokushisa kanye nomswakama ohlobene. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo ezihambisanayo kumele zithathwe ekwelashweni komoya kwezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya, njengokupholisa kanye nokususa umswakama ehlobo (ngoba umoya wangaphandle ehlobo unezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu), ukushisa kanye nomswakama ebusika (ngoba umoya wangaphandle ebusika ubanda futhi womile), umswakama ophansi wangaphakathi uzokhiqiza ugesi ongaguquki, okuyingozi ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi). Ngakho-ke, izinkampani eziningi zinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zegumbi elihlanzekile elingenalo uthuli.
Ubunjiniyela begumbi elihlanzekile bufanelekela izinkambu eziningi, njenge: ama-semiconductor kagesi, imishini yezokwelapha, ukudla neziphuzo, izimonyo, imithi ye-biopharmaceuticals, imithi yasesibhedlela, ukukhiqizwa okunembile, ukubumba nokufaka umjovo, ukuphrinta nokupakisha, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, izinto ezintsha, njll.
Kodwa-ke, ubunjiniyela begumbi elihlanzekile busetshenziswa emikhakheni ye-elekthronikhi, yemithi, yokudla kanye neyebhayoloji. Izinhlelo zegumbi elihlanzekile ezimbonini ezahlukene nazo zihlukile. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zegumbi elihlanzekile kulezi zimboni zingasetshenziswa kwezinye izimboni. Izinhlelo zegumbi elihlanzekile ezimbonini ze-elekthronikhi zingasetshenziswa emikhakheni yokubumba nge-injection, emikhakheni yokukhiqiza, njll. Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwamaphrojekthi egumbi elihlanzekile kulezi zinsimu ezine ezinkulu.
1. Igumbi lokuhlanza elenziwe ngogesi
Ukuhlanzeka kwemboni kagesi kunomthelela oqondile kakhulu kwikhwalithi yemikhiqizo kagesi. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokunikeza umoya, futhi kusetshenziswa iyunithi yokuhlunga ukuhlanza ungqimba lomoya ngengqimba. Izinga lokuhlanzwa kwendawo ngayinye egumbini elihlanzekile liyalinganiswa, futhi indawo ngayinye ihloselwe ukufeza izinga lokuhlanzeka elibekiwe.
2. Igumbi lokuhlanza elenziwe ngemithi
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlanzeka, isitifiketi se-CFU kanye ne-GMP kusetshenziswa njengezindinganiso. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwangaphakathi kanye nokungabi nokungcola okuhlukahlukene. Ngemva kokuba iphrojekthi isifanelekile, i-Food and Drug Administration izokwenza ukuqapha impilo kanye nokwamukelwa okungaguquki ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukukhiqizwa kwemithi.
3. Igumbi lokuhlanza ukudla
Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ekucubunguleni ukudla, ekukhiqizeni izinto zokupakisha ukudla, njll. Ama-microorganism angatholakala yonke indawo emoyeni. Ukudla okufana nobisi namakhekhe kungawohloka kalula. Ama-workshop angenamagciwane okudla asebenzisa imishini yegumbi ehlanzekile ukugcina ukudla emazingeni okushisa aphansi nokukubulala amagciwane emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ama-microorganism asemoyeni ayasuswa, okuvumela ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokunambitheka kokudla kugcinwe.
4. Igumbi lokuhlanza elebhu yezinto eziphilayo
Lo msebenzi udinga ukuqaliswa ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo nezindinganiso ezifanele eziklanywe yizwe lethu. Amasudi okuhlukaniswa kokuphepha kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka nge-oxygen ezizimele zisetshenziswa njengemishini eyisisekelo yokuhlanza amakamelo. Uhlelo lwesibili lokuvimbela ukucindezeleka okungekuhle lusetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi. Zonke izinto eziwuketshezi kumele zihlanganiswe nokwelashwa kokuhlanza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-06-2023