Ubunjiniyela be-Cleanroom bubhekisela kuphrojekthi ethatha uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokwelashwa nokulawula ngaphambi kokwelashwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukugcwala kokungcola endaweni ezungezile futhi kugcinwe izinga elithile lokuhlanzeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zokuhlanzeka, ukuze kuvumelane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza. Ubunjiniyela be-Cleanroom busetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana ne-elekthronikhi, ukudla, imithi, ubunjiniyela bezinto eziphilayo, kanye ne-biomedicine. Izinyathelo zinzima futhi ziqinile, futhi izidingo ziqinile. Okulandelayo kuzochaza izinyathelo nezidingo zobunjiniyela be-cleanroom kusukela ezigabeni ezintathu zokuklama, ukwakha, kanye nokwamukelwa.
1. Isigaba sokuklama
Kulesi sigaba, kubalulekile ukucacisa izinto ezibalulekile njengezinga lokuhlanzeka, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha nemishini, kanye nokuhlelwa kohlelo lokwakha.
(1). Nquma izinga lokuhlanzeka. Ngokwezidingo zangempela zephrojekthi kanye nezindinganiso zemboni, nquma izidingo zezinga lokuhlanzeka. Izinga lokuhlanzeka ngokuvamile lihlukaniswe ngamazinga amaningana, kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, u-A, u-B, u-C no-D, phakathi kwawo u-A unezidingo zokuhlanzeka eziphakeme.
(2). Khetha izinto zokwakha ezifanele kanye nemishini. Ngesikhathi sokuklama, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto zokwakha kanye nemishini ngokwezidingo zezinga lokuhlanzeka. Izinto ezingeke zikhiqize uthuli oluningi kanye nezinhlayiya kanye nezinto zokwakha kanye nemishini efanele ukwakhiwa kobunjiniyela begumbi lokuhlanza kufanele zikhethwe.
(3). Ukuhlelwa kwendiza yokwakha. Ngokwezidingo zezinga lokuhlanzeka kanye nokuhamba komsebenzi, ukwakheka kwendiza yokwakha kuklanyelwe. Ukuhlelwa kwendiza yokwakha kufanele kube okunengqondo, kuhlangabezane nezidingo zephrojekthi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
2. Isigaba sokwakha
Ngemva kokuba isigaba sokuklama sesiqediwe, isigaba sokwakha siyaqala. Kulesi sigaba, uchungechunge lwemisebenzi efana nokuthengwa kwezinto zokwakha, ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi kanye nokufakwa kwemishini kudingeka kwenziwe ngokwezidingo zokuklama.
(1). Ukuthengwa kwezinto zokwakha. Ngokwezidingo zomklamo, khetha izinto zokwakha ezihlangabezana nezidingo zezinga lokuhlanzeka bese uzithenga.
(2). Ukulungiswa kwesisekelo. Hlanza indawo yokwakha bese ulungisa indawo ukuze uqinisekise izidingo zokuhlanzeka kwendawo yesisekelo.
(3). Umsebenzi wokwakha. Yenza imisebenzi yokwakha ngokwezidingo zomklamo. Imisebenzi yokwakha kufanele ihambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele kanye nemininingwane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthuli, izinhlayiya kanye nokunye ukungcola akungeniswa ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha.
(4). Ukufakwa kwemishini. Faka imishini ngokwezidingo zomklamo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini iphelele futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlanzeka.
(5). Ukulawulwa kwenqubo. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, ukugeleza kwenqubo kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungeniswa kokungcola. Isibonelo, abasebenzi bokwakha kufanele bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanayo ukuvimbela ukungcola okufana nezinwele nemicu ukuthi kungantanti endaweni yephrojekthi.
(6). Ukuhlanzwa komoya. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, kufanele kudalwe izimo ezinhle zemvelo, ukuhlanzwa komoya kufanele kwenziwe endaweni yokwakha, futhi imithombo yokungcola kufanele ilawulwe.
(7). Ukuphathwa kwendawo. Phatha ngokuqinile indawo yokwakha, okuhlanganisa nokulawula abasebenzi nezinto eziphumayo, ukuhlanzwa kwendawo yokwakha, kanye nokuvalwa okuqinile. Gwema ukungcola kwangaphandle ukuthi kungangeni endaweni yephrojekthi.
3. Isigaba sokwamukelwa
Ngemva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa, ukwamukelwa kuyadingeka. Inhloso yokwamukelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yokwakha yephrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza ihlangabezana nezidingo nezindinganiso zomklamo.
(1). Ukuhlolwa kokuhlanzeka. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlanzeka kwenziwa kuphrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza ngemva kokwakhiwa. Indlela yokuhlola ngokuvamile isebenzisa ukusampula komoya ukuze kutholakale ukuhlanzeka kwendawo ehlanzekile ngokuthola inani lezinhlayiya ezilengayo.
(2). Ukuhlaziywa kokuqhathanisa. Qhathanisa futhi uhlaziye imiphumela yokuhlolwa nezidingo zomklamo ukuze unqume ukuthi ikhwalithi yokwakha iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo.
(3). Ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe. Ukuhlolwa okungahleliwe kwenziwa ezindaweni ezithile zokwakha ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwekhwalithi yokwakha.
(4). Izindlela zokulungisa. Uma kutholakala ukuthi ikhwalithi yokwakha ayihlangabezani nezidingo, izinyathelo zokulungisa ezifanele zidinga ukwakhiwa nokulungiswa.
(5). Amarekhodi okwakha. Amarekhodi okwakha enziwa, okuhlanganisa idatha yokuhlola, amarekhodi okuthengwa kwezinto, amarekhodi okufakwa kwemishini, njll. ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha. La marekhodi ayisisekelo esibalulekile sokugcinwa nokuphathwa okulandelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-12-2025