1: Ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa
1) Ukuqinisekiswa kwesimo sendawo
① Qinisekisa ukudilizwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokuphawulwa kwezindawo zokuqala; xoxa ngendlela yokusingatha nokuthutha izinto ezidiliziwe.
② Qinisekisa izinto ezishintshiwe, zahlakazwa, futhi zagcinwa emipayipini yomoya yokuqala kanye nasemipayipini ehlukahlukene, bese uzimaka; nquma indlela yemipayipi yomoya kanye nasemipayipini ehlukahlukene, bese uqokomisa ukusebenza kahle kwezesekeli zesistimu, njll.
③ Qinisekisa izindawo zophahla nephansi zezakhiwo ezizovuselelwa kanye nezindawo ezinkulu ezizongezwa, futhi uqinisekise umthamo wokuthwala ofanele, umthelela endaweni ezungezile, njll., njengemibhoshongo yokupholisa, amafriji, ama-transformer, imishini yokwelapha izinto eziyingozi, njll.
2) Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sephrojekthi yokuqala
① Hlola izinhlaka eziyinhloko kanye nobukhulu bendawo yephrojekthi ekhona, sebenzisa amathuluzi afanele ukwenza izilinganiso ezidingekayo, bese uqhathanisa futhi uqinisekise nedatha eqediwe.
② Linganisa umthwalo wezinto zokwakha kanye namapayipi ahlukahlukene adinga ukudilizwa, okuhlanganisa nezinyathelo kanye nomsebenzi odingekayo ekuthuthweni nasekuhlinzweni.
③ Qinisekisa ukunikezwa kukagesi nezinye izimo ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, kanye nobubanzi bokudiliza uhlelo lwamandla lokuqala, bese ulumaka.
④Ukuxhumanisa izinqubo zokwakha kabusha kanye nezinyathelo zokuphatha ukuphepha.
3) Ukulungiselela ukuqala umsebenzi
① Ngokuvamile isikhathi sokuvuselela siba sifushane, ngakho-ke imishini nezinto zokwakha kufanele zi-odwe kusenesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukwakhiwa okubushelelezi uma ukwakhiwa kuqala.
②Dweba isisekelo, okuhlanganisa imigqa eyisisekelo yamaphaneli odonga ahlanzekile egumbi, ophahleni, imigudu yomoya eyinhloko kanye namapayipi abalulekile.
③ Thola izindawo zokugcina izinto ezahlukene kanye nezindawo ezidingekayo zokucubungula endaweni.
④ Lungisa ugesi wesikhashana, umthombo wamanzi kanye nomthombo wegesi wokwakha.
⑤ Lungisa izindawo zokucima umlilo ezidingekayo kanye nezinye izindawo zokuphepha endaweni yokwakha, uqhube izifundo zokuphepha kwabasebenzi bezokwakha, kanye nemithethonqubo yokuphepha ngemuva kokwakhiwa, njll.
⑥ Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile, abasebenzi bokwakha kufanele bafundiswe ulwazi lobuchwepheshe lwegumbi elihlanzekile, izidingo ezihlobene nokuphepha kanye nezidingo ezithile ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezithile zokuvuselelwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile, futhi baveze izidingo nemithethonqubo edingekayo yezingubo, ukufakwa kwemishini, izinto zokuhlanza kanye nezinto zokuphepha eziphuthumayo.
2: Isigaba sokwakha
1) Iphrojekthi yokubhidliza
① Zama ukungasebenzisi imisebenzi "yomlilo", ikakhulukazi lapho udiliza amapayipi okuletha izinto ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo, ezigqwalisayo, nezinobuthi kanye namapayipi okukhipha umoya. Uma imisebenzi "yomlilo" kumele isetshenziswe, qinisekisa ngemva kwehora eli-1 kuphela uma kungekho nkinga lapho ungavula khona indawo.
② Ngomsebenzi wokubhidliza ongabangela ukudlidliza, umsindo, njll., kufanele kuhlanganiswe nezinhlaka ezifanele kusenesikhathi ukuze kunqunywe isikhathi sokwakha.
③ Uma ihlakaziwe kancane futhi izingxenye ezisele zingahlakaziwe noma kusadingeka zisetshenziswe, ukunqanyulwa kwesistimu kanye nomsebenzi wokuhlola odingekayo (ukugeleza, ingcindezi, njll.) ngaphambi kokuhlakazwa kufanele kuphathwe kahle: Lapho kunqanyulwa ugesi, uchwepheshe kagesi osebenzayo kumele abe khona ukuze aphathe izindaba ezifanele, ukuphepha kanye nezindaba zokusebenza.
2) Ukwakhiwa kwemigudu yomoya
① Yenza ukwakhiwa endaweni ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo efanele, futhi wakhe imithethonqubo yokwakha nokuphepha ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela zendawo yokuvuselela.
② Hlola kahle futhi ulondoloze amapayipi omoya azofakwa endaweni yokuthutha, gcina ingaphakathi nengaphandle lamapayipi lihlanzekile, bese uvala zombili iziphetho ngamafilimu epulasitiki.
③ Kuzovela ukudlidliza lapho kufakwa amabhawodi etende aqoshiwe ukuze kuphakanyiswe, ngakho-ke kufanele uxhumane nomnikazi kanye nabanye abasebenzi abafanele kusenesikhathi; susa ifilimu yokuvala ngaphambi kokuphakamisa ipayipi lomoya, bese usula ingaphakathi ngaphambi kokuphakamisa. Ungakhathazeki ngokuthi izingxenye zezakhiwo zokuqala ezilimala kalula (ezifana namapayipi epulasitiki, izendlalelo zokushisa, njll.) azicindezelwa, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezidingekayo.
3) Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi kanye nocingo
① Umsebenzi wokushisela odingekayo ekufakeni amapayipi kanye nokuxhuma izintambo kufanele ufakwe imishini yokucisha umlilo, amabhodi e-asbestos, njll.
② Yenza ngokuhambisana nezimfuneko zokwamukelwa kokwakhiwa ezifanele zokufaka amapayipi kanye nezintambo. Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kungavunyelwe eduze kwendawo, ukuhlolwa komfutho womoya kungasetshenziswa, kodwa kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezihambisanayo ngokwemigomo.
③ Uma uxhuma kumapayipi okuqala, kufanele kwenziwe izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe zokuphepha ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuxhuma, ikakhulukazi ekuxhumeni amapayipi egesi avuthayo nayingozi kanye noketshezi; ngesikhathi sokusebenza, abasebenzi bokuphatha ukuphepha abavela ezinhlanganweni ezifanele kumele babe sendaweni futhi badingeke. Lungiselela njalo imishini yokulwa nomlilo.
④ Ekwakhiweni kwamapayipi athwala imidiya ehlanzekile kakhulu, ngaphezu kokulandela imithetho efanele, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza kanye nokuhlolwa kobumsulwa lapho kuxhunywa kumapayipi okuqala.
4) Ukwakhiwa kwepayipi legesi elikhethekile
① Ezinhlelweni zamapayipi ezithutha izinto ezinobuthi, ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo, nezigqwalisayo, ukwakhiwa okuphephile kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinhlinzeko "zokwakhiwa kabusha kwepayipi legesi elikhethekile kanye nokwakhiwa kobunjiniyela bokukhulisa" ezindinganisweni zikazwelonke "ezindinganisweni zobuchwepheshe bobunjiniyela besistimu yegesi ekhethekile" zicashunwe ngezansi. . Le mithetho kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqinile hhayi kuphela kumapayipi "egesi ekhethekile", kodwa futhi nakuzo zonke izinhlelo zamapayipi ezithutha izinto ezinobuthi, ezivuthayo, nezigqwalisayo.
②Ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi ekhethekile yokudiliza ipayipi legesi kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo. Iyunithi yokwakha kumele ilungiselele uhlelo lokwakha ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Okuqukethwe kufanele kufake izingxenye ezibalulekile, izinyathelo zokuphepha ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukuqapha izinqubo zokusebenza eziyingozi, izinhlelo eziphuthumayo, izinombolo zokuxhumana eziphuthumayo kanye nabantu abazinikele abaphethe. Abasebenzi bokwakha kufanele banikezwe ulwazi oluningiliziwe lobuchwepheshe mayelana nezingozi ezingaba khona. Khuluma iqiniso.
③ Uma kwenzeka umlilo, ukuvuza kwezinto eziyingozi, noma ezinye izingozi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kufanele ulalele umyalo ohlangene bese uphuma ngokulandelana ngokwendlela yokubaleka. . Lapho wenza imisebenzi yomlilo ovulekile njengokushisela ngesikhathi sokwakha, kumele kutholakale imvume yomlilo kanye nemvume yokusebenzisa izindawo zokuvikela umlilo ezikhishwe yiyunithi yokwakha.
④ Kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuhlukaniswa okwesikhashana kanye nezimpawu zokuxwayisa ngengozi phakathi kwendawo yokukhiqiza nendawo yokwakha. Izisebenzi zokwakha zivinjelwe ngokuphelele ukungena ezindaweni ezingahlobene nokwakha. Izisebenzi zobuchwepheshe ezivela kumnikazi kanye neqembu lokwakha kumele zibe khona endaweni yokwakha. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa komnyango we-mesh, ukushintsha ugesi, kanye nemisebenzi yokushintsha igesi kumele kuqedwe ngabasebenzi abazinikele ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe bomnikazi. Imisebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume ayivunyelwe ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokusika nokuguqula, lonke ipayipi elizosikwa kanye nendawo yokusika kumele kumakwe ngokucacile kusengaphambili. Ipayipi elimakiwe kumele liqinisekiswe ngumnikazi kanye nabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe beqembu lokwakha endaweni ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusebenza kabi.
⑤ Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, amagesi akhethekile epayipini kufanele athathelwe indawo yi-nitrogen ehlanzekile kakhulu, bese uhlelo lwepayipi kufanele lukhishwe. Igesi ethathelwe indawo kumele icutshungulwe yidivayisi yokwelapha igesi yokukhipha umoya bese ikhishwa ngemva kokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso. Ipayipi eliguquliwe kufanele ligcwaliswe nge-nitrogen enengcindezi ephansi ngaphambi kokusika, futhi umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi enhle epayipini.
⑥Ngemva kokuba ukwakhiwa sekuqediwe futhi ukuhlolwa sekufanelekile, umoya ohlelweni lwamapayipi kufanele ushintshwe nge-nitrogen bese kuthi ipayipi likhishwe.
3: Ukuhlolwa kokwakhiwa, ukwamukelwa kanye nokusebenza kwesilingo
① Ukwamukelwa okuphelele kwegumbi elihlanzekile elilungisiwe. Okokuqala, ingxenye ngayinye kufanele ihlolwe futhi yamukelwe ngokwezindinganiso nezincazelo ezifanele. Okudingeka kugcizelelwe lapha ukuhlolwa nokwamukelwa kwezingxenye ezifanele zesakhiwo sokuqala kanye nohlelo. Okunye ukuhlolwa nokwamukelwa kukodwa akukwazi ukufakazela ukuthi kungahlangabezana nezidingo "zemigomo yokuvuselela". Kumelwe futhi kuqinisekiswe ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kwesilingo. Ngakho-ke, akudingeki nje kuphela ukuqedela ukwamukelwa kokuqeda, kodwa futhi kudinga iyunithi yokwakha ukuthi isebenzisane nomnikazi ukuze kuqhutshwe ukuhlolwa.
② Ukusebenza kwesilingo segumbi elihlanzekile eliguquliwe. Zonke izinhlelo ezifanele, izikhungo kanye nemishini ehilelekile ekuguqulweni kufanele kuhlolwe ngayinye ngayinye ngokwezindinganiso ezifanele kanye nezidingo zencazelo kanye nezimo ezithile zephrojekthi. Kufanele kuklanywe imihlahlandlela kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwesilingo. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesilingo, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlolwa kwengxenye yokuxhuma nohlelo lokuqala. Uhlelo lwepayipi olusha olwengeziwe akumele lungcolise uhlelo lokuqala. Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuxhumeka. Izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezidingekayo kufanele zithathwe ngesikhathi sokuxhumeka. Ukuhlolwa ngemva kokuxhumeka Umsebenzi kumele uhlolwe futhi uhlolwe ngokucophelela, futhi umsebenzi wesilingo ungaqedwa kuphela uma izidingo zihlangatshezwa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 12-2023