Inani elifanele lomthamo womoya otholakalayo egumbini lokuhlanza alizinzile, kodwa lincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa izinga lokuhlanzeka, indawo, ukuphakama, inani labasebenzi, kanye nezidingo zenqubo ye-workshop yokuhlanza. Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizinkombandlela ezijwayelekile ezisekelwe ekucatshangelweni okubanzi kwezici ezahlukene.
1. Izinga lokuhlanzeka
Nquma inani lokushintsha komoya ngokuya ngezinga lokuhlanzeka: Inani lokushintsha komoya egumbini lokuhlanza lingenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekunqumeni umthamo womoya onikezwayo. Ngokwemithetho efanele, amakamelo okuhlanza anamazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka anezidingo ezahlukene zokushintsha komoya. Isibonelo, igumbi lokuhlanza lekilasi 1000 alingaphansi kwezikhathi ezingama-50/h, igumbi lokuhlanza lekilasi 10000 alingaphansi kwezikhathi ezingama-25/h, kanye negumbi lokuhlanza lekilasi 100000 alingaphansi kwezikhathi eziyi-15/h. Lezi zikhathi zokushintsha komoya ziyizidingo ezimile, futhi kungase kushiywe umkhawulo othile ekwakhiweni kwangempela ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwe-workshop ehlanzekile.
Izinga le-ISO 14644: Leli zinga lingenye yezindinganiso zomoya ohlanzekile kanye nesivinini somoya ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokwezinga le-ISO 14644, amakamelo okuhlanza anamazinga ahlukene anezidingo ezahlukene zomoya kanye nesivinini somoya. Isibonelo, igumbi lokuhlanza le-ISO 5 lidinga isivinini somoya esingu-0.3-0.5m/s, kanti igumbi lokuhlanza le-ISO 7 lidinga isivinini somoya esingu-0.14-0.2m/s. Nakuba lezi zidingo zesivinini somoya zingalingani ngokuphelele nevolumu yomoya ohlinzekwayo, zinikeza inkomba ebalulekile yokunquma ivolumu yomoya ohlinzekwayo.
2. Indawo yokusebenzela kanye nokuphakama
Bala umthamo wendawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile: Ukubalwa komthamo womoya ophakelwayo kudinga ukucabangela indawo nokuphakama kwendawo yokusebenzela ukuze kutholakale umthamo ophelele wendawo yokusebenzela. Sebenzisa ifomula ethi V = ubude*ububanzi*ukuphakama ukuze ubale umthamo wendawo yokusebenzela (V ivolumu ngamamitha ayi-cubic).
Bala ivolumu yokunikezwa komoya kanye nenani lezinguquko zomoya: Ngokusekelwe kumthamo we-workshop kanye nenani elidingekayo lezinguquko zomoya, sebenzisa ifomula ethi Q = V*n ukuze ubale ivolumu yokunikezwa komoya (u-Q yivolumu yokunikezwa komoya ngama-cubic metres ngehora; u-n yinombolo yezinguquko zomoya).
3. Izidingo zabasebenzi kanye nezinqubo
Izidingo zomthamo womoya omusha wabasebenzi: Ngokwenani labasebenzi egumbini lokuhlanza, umthamo womoya omusha ubalwa ngokwenani lomoya omusha elidingekayo kumuntu ngamunye (ngokuvamile ama-cubic metres angu-40 ngomuntu ngamunye ngehora). Lo mthamo womoya omusha udinga ukungezwa kumthamo womoya ohlinzekwayo obalwa ngokusekelwe kumthamo we-workshop kanye noshintsho lomoya.
Isinxephezelo somthamo wokukhipha imfucuza yenqubo: Uma kunemishini yokucubungula egumbini lokuhlanza edinga ukukhishwa, umthamo womoya ohlinzekwayo udinga ukukhokhelwa ngokwevolumu yokukhipha imfucuza yemishini ukuze kulondolozwe ibhalansi yomoya endaweni yokusebenzela ehlanzekile.
4. Ukunqunywa okuphelele komthamo womoya ophakelwayo
Ukucatshangelwa okubanzi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene: Lapho kunqunywa umthamo womoya otholakalayo wegumbi lokuhlanza, zonke lezi zinto ezingenhla kudingeka zicatshangelwe ngokubanzi. Kungase kube nethonya elihlangene kanye nokuvinjelwa phakathi kwezici ezahlukene, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuhlaziywa okubanzi kanye nokushintshana.
Ukubhukha isikhala: Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwegumbi lokuhlanza, inani elithile lomthamo womoya livame ukushiywa ekwakhiweni kwangempela. Lokhu kungabhekana nomthelela wezimo eziphuthumayo noma izinguquko zenqubo kumthamo womoya onikezwayo ngezinga elithile.
Ngamafuphi, umthamo womoya ophakelwayo wegumbi lokuhlanza awunalo inani elifanele eliqondile, kodwa udinga ukunqunywa ngokuphelele ngokwesimo esithile sendawo yokuhlanza. Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, kunconywa ukubonisana nenkampani yobunjiniyela begumbi lokuhlanza yobungcweti ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthamo womoya ophakelwayo unengqondo futhi usebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-07-2025