Umsebenzi oyinhloko wephrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza elihlanzekile ukulawula ukuhlanzeka komoya kanye nokushisa kanye nomswakama lapho imikhiqizo (njenge-silicon chips, njll.) ingathintana khona, ukuze imikhiqizo ikhiqizwe endaweni enhle yemvelo, esiyibiza ngokuthi iphrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza elihlanzekile.
Iphrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza elihlanzekile ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu. Ngokomkhuba wamazwe ngamazwe, izinga lokuhlanzeka kwegumbi lokuhlanza elingenalo uthuli lisekelwe kakhulu enanini lezinhlayiya ngemitha eyi-cubic emoyeni enobubanzi obukhulu kunezinga elihlukile. Okusho ukuthi, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi okungenalo uthuli akunalo uthuli, kodwa kulawulwa ngeyunithi encane kakhulu. Yiqiniso, izinhlayiya ezihlangabezana nezimfuneko zothuli kule ncazelo manje zincane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlayiya zothuli ezivame ukubonakala. Kodwa-ke, ezakhiweni ze-optical, ngisho nothuli oluncane lungaba nomthelela omubi omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo yesakhiwo se-optical, okungenalo uthuli kuyimfuneko ethile. Igumbi elihlanzekile e-workshop ehlanzekile lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinhloso ezintathu ezilandelayo:
Igumbi lokuhlanza indawo yokusebenzela ehlanzekile: Igumbi elihlanzekile endaweni yokusebenzela ehlanzekile eseqediwe futhi elingasetshenziswa. Linazo zonke izinsizakalo nemisebenzi efanele. Kodwa-ke, azikho izinto ezisetshenziswa ngabaqhubi ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokuhlanza.
Igumbi lokuhlanza elihlanzekile elingaguquki le-workshop: Igumbi elihlanzekile elinemisebenzi ephelele kanye nezilungiselelo ezizinzile ezingasetshenziswa noma ezisetshenziswa ngokwezilungiselelo, kodwa azikho izisebenzisi ngaphakathi kwemishini.
Igumbi lokuhlanza elihlanzekile elinamandla le-workshop: Igumbi elihlanzekile e-workshop ehlanzekile elisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile, elinemisebenzi ephelele yesevisi, imishini, kanye nabasebenzi; Uma kudingeka, lingenza umsebenzi ojwayelekile.
I-GMP idinga ukuthi izindawo zokuhlanza imithi zibe nemishini yokukhiqiza emihle, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezifanele, ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi enhle kakhulu, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola eziqinile zokuhlanzwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo (kufaka phakathi ukuphepha kokudla kanye nokuhlanzeka) ihlangabezana nezidingo zomthetho.
1. Nciphisa indawo yokwakha ngangokunokwenzeka
Ama-workshop anezidingo zokuhlanzeka awagcini nje ngokutshala imali ephezulu, kodwa futhi anezindleko ezijwayelekile eziphezulu njengamanzi, ugesi, negesi. Ngokuvamile, uma izinga lokuhlanzeka lesakhiwo se-workshop liphakeme, kulapho ukutshalwa kwezimali, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nezindleko kukhulu khona. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi kuhlangatshezwana nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza, indawo yokwakha ye-workshop ehlanzekile kufanele incishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka.
2. Lawula ngokuqinile ukugeleza kwabantu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza
Kufanele kubekwe iziteshi ezikhethekile zabahamba ngezinyawo kanye nezokuthutha zezindawo zokuhlanza imithi. Abasebenzi kufanele bangene ngokwezinqubo zokuhlanza ezibekiwe futhi balawule ngokuqinile inani labantu. Ngaphezu kokuphathwa okujwayelekile kwabasebenzi abangena nabaphumayo ezindaweni zokuhlanza imithi ukuze bahlanzwe, ukungena nokuphuma kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemishini kumele futhi kudlule ezinqubweni zokuhlanza ukuze kugwenywe ukuthinta ukuhlanzeka komoya kwegumbi elihlanzekile.
- Isakhiwo esinengqondo
(1) Ukuhlelwa kwemishini egumbini elihlanzekile kufanele kube kuncane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe indawo yegumbi elihlanzekile.
(2) Iminyango yegumbi elihlanzekile kudingeka ukuthi ingangeni moya, futhi kufakwe izingidi zomoya ezingeneni nasezindleleni zokuphuma zabantu nezimpahla.
(3) Izinga elifanayo lamakamelo ahlanzekile kufanele lihlelwe ndawonye ngangokunokwenzeka.
(4) Amakamelo okuhlanza ahlukene ahlelwe kusukela emazingeni aphansi kuya kwaphezulu, futhi amakamelo aseduze kufanele afakwe iminyango yokuhlukanisa. Umehluko wokucindezela ohambisanayo kufanele wakhiwe ngokwezinga lokuhlanzeka, ngokuvamile cishe ngama-10Pa. Indlela yokuvula yomnyango kufanele ibheke emakamelweni anezinga lokuhlanzeka eliphezulu.
(5) Igumbi elihlanzekile kufanele ligcine umfutho omuhle, futhi isikhala egumbini elihlanzekile kufanele sixhunywe ngokulandelana kwezinga lokuhlanzeka, ngomehluko ohambisanayo wokucindezela ukuvimbela umoya emakamelweni ahlanzekile asezingeni eliphansi ukuthi ungabuyeli emuva emakamelweni ahlanzekile asezingeni eliphezulu. Umehluko womfutho ophelele phakathi kwamakamelo aseduze anamazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka komoya kufanele ube mkhulu kuno-5Pa, kanti umehluko womfutho ophelele phakathi kwegumbi elihlanzekile nomoya wangaphandle kufanele ube mkhulu kuno-10Pa.
(6) Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okungeyona inzalo ngokuvamile kufakwa ohlangothini olungaphezulu lwendawo yokusebenza engcolile noma emnyango.
4. Ipayipi kufanele lifihlwe ngangokunokwenzeka
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezinga lokuhlanzeka kwe-workshop, amapayipi ahlukahlukene kufanele afihlwe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ubuso bangaphandle bepayipi eliveziwe kufanele bube bushelelezi, kanti amapayipi avundlile kufanele afakwe i-interlayer yobuchwepheshe noma i-mezzanine yobuchwepheshe. Amapayipi aqondile adlula phansi kufanele afakwe i-shaft yobuchwepheshe.
5. Ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kufanele kube usizo ekuhlanzeni
Izindonga, phansi kanye nengqimba ephezulu yegumbi elihlanzekile kufanele kube yisicaba futhi kube bushelelezi, kungabi nemifantu kanye nokuqongelela kukagesi ongashintshi, futhi indawo engaphakathi kufanele iqine ngaphandle kokuchitheka kwezinhlayiya, futhi ingakwazi ukumelana nokuhlanzwa kanye nokubulala amagciwane. Indawo ehlangana phakathi kwezindonga nomhlabathi, phakathi kwezindonga, kanye naphakathi kwezindonga nophahla kufanele igobe noma kuthathwe ezinye izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuqongelela kothuli nokwenza kube lula emsebenzini wokuhlanza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-30-2023