Emhlobisoni wegumbi elihlanzekile lezemithi le-GMP, uhlelo lwe-HVAC luhamba phambili. Kungashiwo ukuthi noma ukulawulwa kwemvelo kwegumbi elihlanzekile kungahlangabezana nezidingo ikakhulukazi kuncike ohlelweni lwe-HVAC. I-Heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) uhlelo lubizwa nangokuthi i-purification air conditioning system ekamelweni elihlanzekile le-GMP lezemithi. Uhlelo lwe-HVAC ikakhulukazi lucubungula ukungena komoya egumbini futhi lulawula izinga lokushisa lomoya, umswakama, izinhlayiya ezimisiwe, ama-microorganisms, umehluko wengcindezi nezinye izinkomba zemvelo yokukhiqiza imithi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imingcele yezemvelo ihlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi yezemithi futhi igweme ukwenzeka kokungcoliswa komoya nokuwela. -ukungcola ngenkathi kunikeza indawo enethezekile kubaqhubi. Ukwengeza, amasistimu e-HVAC ahlanzekile emithi anganciphisa futhi avimbele imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa kubantu phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, futhi avikele indawo ezungezile.
Idizayini iyonke yesistimu yokuhlanza isimo somoya
Iyunithi iyonke yesistimu yokuhlanza isimo somoya kanye nezingxenye zayo kufanele yakhelwe ngokuya ngezidingo zemvelo. Iyunithi ngokuyinhloko ihlanganisa izigaba ezisebenzayo ezifana nokushisisa, ukupholisa, ukucwiliswa kwamanzi, ukucwiliswa komswakama, nokuhlunga. Ezinye izingxenye zifaka abalandeli bokukhipha umoya, abalandeli bomoya obuyayo, izinhlelo zokubuyisa amandla okushisa, njll. Akufanele kube khona izinto eziwayo esakhiweni sangaphakathi sesistimu ye-HVAC, futhi izikhala kufanele zibe zincane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kothuli. Amasistimu e-HVAC kufanele abe lula ukuwahlanza futhi amelane nokuthuthwa okudingekile kanye nokubulala amagciwane.
1. Uhlobo lwesistimu ye-HVAC
Amasistimu okuhlanza umoya angahlukaniswa abe amasistimu omoya we-DC kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya ezijikeleza kabusha. I-DC air conditioning system ithumela umoya wangaphandle ocutshunguliwe ongahlangabezana nezidingo zesikhala ekamelweni, bese ukhipha wonke umoya. Isistimu isebenzisa wonke umoya ohlanzekile wangaphandle. I-Recirculation air conditioning system, okungukuthi, ukunikezwa komoya kwegumbi elihlanzekile kuxubene nengxenye yomoya ohlanzekile wangaphandle ophathwayo kanye nengxenye yomoya obuyayo ovela endaweni ehlanzekile yegumbi. Njengoba uhlelo lwe-air conditioning lunezinzuzo zokutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kokuqala kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza, uhlelo lokuphinda lusetshenziswe kwesimo somoya kufanele lusetshenziswe ngendlela enengqondo ngangokunokwenzeka ekwakhiweni kwesistimu yokupholisa umoya. Umoya kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile zokukhiqiza awukwazi ukugaywa kabusha, njengegumbi elihlanzekile (indawo) lapho kukhishwa khona uthuli phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, futhi ukungcoliswa okuphambene akunakugwenywa uma umoya ongaphakathi welashwa; izinyibilikisi eziphilayo zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni, futhi ukunqwabelana kwegesi kungase kubangele ukuqhuma noma imililo kanye nezinqubo eziyingozi; izindawo zokusebenza ze-pathogen; izindawo zokukhiqiza imithi enemisebe; izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezikhiqiza inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi, iphunga noma amagesi aguquguqukayo phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza.
Indawo yokukhiqiza imithi ngokuvamile ingahlukaniswa ezindaweni eziningana ezinamazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka. Izindawo ezihlanzekile ezihlukene kufanele zifakwe amayunithi okuphatha umoya ezimele. Isistimu ye-air conditioning ngayinye ihlukaniswe ngokomzimba ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa okuphambene phakathi kwemikhiqizo. Amayunithi okuphatha komoya azimele angasetshenziswa futhi ezindaweni ezihlukene zomkhiqizo noma ahlukanise izindawo ezihlukene ukuze ahlukanise izinto eziyingozi ngokuhlunga komoya okuqinile futhi avimbele ukungcoliswa okunqamula amapayipi omoya, njengezindawo zokukhiqiza, izindawo zokukhiqiza ezisizayo, izindawo zokugcina, izindawo zokuphatha, njll. . kufanele ifakwe iyunithi yokusingatha umoya ehlukile. Ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinamashifu ahlukene okusebenza noma izikhathi zokusebenzisa kanye nomehluko omkhulu kuzimfuneko zokulawula izinga lokushisa nomswakama, amasistimu omoya wokupholisa umoya kufanele nawo amiswe ngokuhlukana.
2. Imisebenzi nezilinganiso
(1). Ukushisisa nokupholisa
Indawo yokukhiqiza kufanele ihambisane nezidingo zokukhiqiza. Uma zingekho izidingo ezikhethekile zokukhiqizwa kwemithi, izinga lokushisa elisekilasini C kanye namagumbi ahlanzekile Ekilasi D lingalawulwa ku-18~26°C, futhi izinga lokushisa lamakamelo ahlanzekile e-Class A kanye ne-Class B lingalawulwa ku-20~24 °C. Esigungwini se-air conditioning system ehlanzekile, amakhoyili ashisayo nabandayo anamaphiko okudlulisa ukushisa, ukufudumeza ugesi ngamashubhu, njll. angasetshenziswa ukufudumeza nokupholisa umoya, futhi aphathe umoya ezingeni lokushisa elidingwa igumbi elihlanzekile. Uma umoya ohlanzekile mkhulu, ukushisa komoya omusha kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuze kuvinjwe amakhoyili angaphansi komfula ukuthi angabande. Noma sebenzisa izincibilikisi ezishisayo nezibandayo, njengamanzi ashisayo nabandayo, isitimu esigcwele, i-ethylene glycol, iziqandisi ezihlukahlukene, njll. njll. Yenza ukukhetha ngokusekelwe ezindlekweni nezinye izimo.
(2). I-Humidification kanye ne-dehumidification
Umswakama ohlobene wekamelo elihlanzekile kufanele uhambisane nezidingo zokukhiqizwa kwemithi, futhi indawo yokukhiqiza imithi kanye nokunethezeka komsebenzisi kufanele kuqinisekiswe. Uma zingekho izidingo ezikhethekile zokukhiqizwa kwemithi, umswakama ohlobene wezindawo ezihlanzekile ze-Class C kanye ne-Class D kulawulwa ku-45% kuya ku-65%, futhi umswakama ohlobene wezindawo ezihlanzekile ze-Class A kanye ne-Class B ulawulwa ku-45% kuya ku-60%. .
Imikhiqizo eyimpuphu eyinyumba noma amalungiselelo amaningi aqinile adinga indawo yokukhiqiza umswakama ophansi. Ama-dehumidifiers kanye nama-post-coolers angacatshangelwa ukuze asuse umswakama. Ngenxa yokutshala imali okuphezulu nezindleko zokusebenza, izinga lokushisa lendawo yamazolo ngokuvamile lidinga ukuba ngaphansi kuka-5°C. Indawo yokukhiqiza enomswakama ophezulu ingagcinwa ngokusebenzisa isitimu sasefekthri, isitimu esihlanzekile esilungiselelwe emanzini ahlanzekile, noma ngesishicileli sesitimu. Uma igumbi elihlanzekile linezidingo zomswakama olinganiselwe, umoya wangaphandle ehlobo kufanele upholiswe yi-cooler bese ushisisa ngokushisa okushisayo nge-heater ukuze ulungise umswakama ohlobene. Uma ugesi omile wasendlini udinga ukulawulwa, ukuthambisa kufanele kubhekwe ezindaweni ezibandayo noma ezomile.
(3). Hlunga
Inani lezinhlayiya zothuli nama-microorganisms emoyeni omusha kanye nomoya obuyayo lingancishiswa libe ncane ngezihlungi ohlelweni lwe-HVAC, okuvumela indawo yokukhiqiza ukuthi ihlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokuhlanzeka. Ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza umoya opholile, ukuhlunga komoya ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: ukuhlunga kwangaphambili, ukuhlunga okuphakathi kanye nokuhlunga kwe-hepa. Isigaba ngasinye sisebenzisa izihlungi zezinto ezihlukene. Isihlungi siphansi kakhulu futhi sifakwa ekuqaleni kweyunithi yokubamba komoya. Ingakwazi ukuthwebula izinhlayiya ezinkulu emoyeni (usayizi wezinhlayiyana ngaphezu kwama-microns angu-3). Ukuhlunga okuphakathi kutholakala ezansi nomfula wesihlungi sangaphambili futhi sifakwe phakathi nendawo yokubamba umoya lapho kungena khona umoya obuyayo. Isetshenziselwa ukuthwebula izinhlayiya ezincane (usayizi wezinhlayiyana ngaphezu kwama-microns angu-0.3). Ukuhlunga kokugcina kutholakala engxenyeni yokukhiphayo yeyunithi yokusingatha komoya, engagcina ipayipi lihlanzekile futhi andise impilo yesevisi yesihlungi setheminali.
Uma izinga lokuhlanzeka kwegumbi liphezulu, isihlungi se-hepa sifakwa ezansi nokuhlunga kokugcina njengethuluzi lokuhlunga letheminali. Idivayisi yesihlungi setheminali itholakala ekugcineni kweyunithi yesibambo somoya futhi ifakwe ophahleni noma odongeni lwegumbi. Ingaqinisekisa ukunikezwa komoya ohlanzeke kakhulu futhi isetshenziselwe ukuhlambulula noma ukuthumela izinhlayiya ezikhishwe egumbini elihlanzekile, njengegumbi elihlanzekile Lekilasi B noma Ikilasi A Ekilasini B ingemuva legumbi elihlanzekile.
(4).Ukulawula ingcindezi
Igumbi elihlanzekile kakhulu ligcina ukucindezela okuhle, kuyilapho i-anteroom eholela kuleli gumbi elihlanzekile igcina izingcindezi ezinhle eziphansi neziphansi ngokulandelanayo, kuze kufike ezingeni eliyisisekelo elinguziro lezikhala ezingalawulwa (izakhiwo ezijwayelekile). Umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwezindawo ezihlanzekile nezindawo ezingahlanzekile naphakathi kwezindawo ezihlanzekile zamazinga ahlukene akufanele zibe ngaphansi kuka-10 Pa. Uma kunesidingo, ama-gradients okucindezela afanelekile kufanele futhi agcinwe phakathi kwezindawo zokusebenza ezihlukene (amakamelo okusebenza) wezinga elifanayo lokuhlanzeka. Ingcindezi ephozithivu egcinwe egumbini elihlanzekile ingafinyelelwa ngokuthi umthamo wokuhambisa komoya ube mkhulu kunevolumu yokukhipha umoya. Ukushintsha ivolumu yokunikezwa komoya kungalungisa umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwegumbi ngalinye. Ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa ezikhethekile, njengemithi ye-penicillin, izindawo zokusebenza ezikhiqiza uthuli oluningi kufanele zigcine ingcindezi engalungile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-19-2023