Njengendawo elawulwa kakhulu, amakamelo ahlanzekile asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Amakamelo ahlanzekile anezidingo eziqinile kumapharamitha emvelo njengokuhlanzeka komoya, izinga lokushisa nomswakama, kanye nenhlangano yokugeleza komoya. Ngokuhlinzeka ngendawo ehlanzekile kakhulu, ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo kungaqinisekiswa, ukungcola kanye nokukhubazeka kungancishiswa, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nokuthembeka kungathuthukiswa. Ukuklanywa nokuphathwa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile emikhakheni ehlukene kudingeka kwenziwe ngokwezidingo namazinga athile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zokuhlanzeka. Okulandelayo yizindawo ezinhlanu ezinkulu ezisetshenziswayo zamakamelo ahlanzekile.
Imboni Yezogesi
Ukwenziwa kwe-semiconductor kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ama-chip, njenge-photolithography, i-etching, kanye nokufakwa kwefilimu encane, inezidingo eziphezulu kakhulu zokuhlanzeka kwemvelo. Izinhlayiya zothuli ezincane zingase zibangele amasekhethi amafushane noma ezinye izinkinga zokusebenza kuma-chips. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizeni ama-chips anenqubo engama-nanometers angu-28 nangaphansi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ekamelweni elihlanzekile lezinga le-ISO 3-ISO 4 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi ye-chip. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-liquid crystal displays (LCDs) kanye nezibonisi ze-organic light-emitting diode (OLED) nakho akunakuhlukaniswa emagumbini ahlanzekile. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza lezi zibonisi, ezifana nokufakwa kwekristalu ewuketshezi kanye ne-organic material coating, indawo ehlanzekile isiza ukuvimbela amaphutha njengamaphikseli afile namachashaza akhanyayo esikrinini.
I-Biomedicine
Imboni yezemithi isebenzisa kakhulu amagumbi ahlanzekile. Noma ngabe ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali noma izidakamizwa zebhayoloji, zonke izixhumanisi ezisuka ekucutshungulweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ziye ekupakishweni kwezidakamizwa zidinga ukwenziwa endaweni ehlanzekile. Ikakhulukazi, ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa eziyinyumba, njengomjovo kanye namalungiselelo e-ophthalmic, kudinga ukulawula okuqinile kwama-microorganisms nezinhlayiya. Ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yezokwelapha, njengemishini yezokwelapha engatshaliwe kanye namathuluzi okuhlinza, kungakhiqizwa egumbini elihlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubunyumba kanye nokungcoliswa okungenazinhlayiyana kwamathuluzi, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kweziguli. Amakamelo okuhlinzela esibhedlela, izindawo zabagula kakhulu (ICUs), amawodi angenalutho, njll. nawo angaphansi kwesigaba samakamelo ahlanzekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesiguli.
I-Aerospace
Ukucutshungulwa okunembayo nokuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ze-aerospace kudinga indawo yegumbi ehlanzekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ekucubungulweni kwezinsimbi zenjini yendiza, ukungcola kwezinhlayiyana ezincane kungase kubangele ukonakala endaweni, okube nomthelela ekusebenzeni nokuphepha kwenjini. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kanye nezinsimbi ezibonakalayo emishinini ye-aerospace nakho kudingeka kwenziwe endaweni ehlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kungasebenza ngokujwayelekile endaweni eyingozi kakhulu yendawo.
Imboni Yokudla
Ngokunye ukudla okunenani eliphakeme, okubolayo, okufana nefomula yezingane kanye nokudla okufakwe iqhwa, ubuchwepheshe begumbi elihlanzekile busiza ukunweba impilo yeshalofu yomkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokudla. Ukusebenzisa amagumbi ahlanzekile ekupakishweni kokudla kungavimbela ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane futhi kugcine ikhwalithi yokuqala yokudla.
Imishini Enembayo kanye Nokwenziwa Kwezinsimbi Zokubona
Ekucutshungulweni kwemishini enembayo, njengokukhiqizwa kokunyakaza kwewashi okusezingeni eliphezulu namabheringi anemba okuphezulu, amagumbi ahlanzekile anganciphisa umthelela wothuli ezingxenyeni ezinembayo futhi athuthukise ukunemba komkhiqizo nempilo yesevisi. Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokuhlanganisa yamathuluzi okubona, njengamalensi e-lithography namalensi ethelesikophu yezinkanyezi, ingagwema imihuzuko, umgodi nokunye ukonakala endaweni ehlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kokubona.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-27-2024