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IZIKHUNGO ZOKUPHEPHA EMLILWENI OKUHLANZEKILE

igumbi elihlanzekile
Igumbi elihlanzekile le-elekthronikhi

① Igumbi elihlanzekile lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezifana ne-electronics, biopharmaceuticals, i-aerospace, imishini enembayo, amakhemikhali amahle, ukucubungula ukudla, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimonyo kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Izindawo zokukhiqiza ezihlanzekile, izindawo zokuhlola ezihlanzekile kanye nokubaluleka kokwenza indawo yokusebenza kuya ngokuya kuqashelwa noma kuqashelwe abantu. Amakamelo amaningi ahlanzekile afakwe amathuluzi okukhiqiza kanye nemishini yokuhlola yocwaningo lwesayensi yamazinga ahlukahlukene futhi esebenzisa inqubo yemidiya ehlukahlukene. Eziningi zazo ziyimishini namathuluzi abalulekile. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi izindleko zokwakha ziyabiza, kodwa futhi ezinye zezinqubo ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo neziyingozi zivame ukusetshenziswa; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zokuhlanzeka komuntu nezinto ezibonakalayo ekamelweni elihlanzekile, amaphaseji ekamelo elihlanzekile ngokuvamile ahlukumezayo, okwenza kube nzima ukuphuma kwezisebenzi. Uma kuqubuka umlilo, akulula ukutholakala ngaphandle, futhi kuba nzima ukuba izicishamlilo zisondele futhi zingene. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi ukufakwa kwezikhungo zokuphepha komlilo ekamelweni elihlanzekile kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungashiwo ukuthi yiyona nto ehamba phambili ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwegumbi elihlanzekile. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokuvimbela noma zokugwema ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho egumbini elihlanzekile kanye nomonakalo omkhulu ezimpilweni zabasebenzi ngenxa yokuvela komlilo. Sekuyisivumelwano sokufaka ama-alamu omlilo kanye namadivayisi ahlukahlukene ekamelweni elihlanzekile, futhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, izithungatha ze-alamu yomlilo okwamanje zifakwe egunjini elihlanzekile elisanda kwakhiwa, elivuselelwe futhi elinwetshiwe.

② Izinkinobho ze-alamu yomlilo kufanele zifakwe ezindaweni zokukhiqiza nasemaphaseji egumbi elihlanzekile. Igumbi elihlanzekile kufanele libe negumbi lomsebenzi womlilo noma igumbi lokulawula, okungafanele libe endaweni ehlanzekile. Igumbi lomsebenzi womlilo kufanele lifakwe i-switchboard ekhethekile yocingo ukuze kuvikelwe umlilo. Impahla yokulawula umlilo kanye nokuxhunywa kwemigqa yegumbi elihlanzekile kufanele kube okuthembekile. Imisebenzi yokulawula nokuboniswa kwezinto zokulawula kufanele ihambisane nezinhlinzeko ezifanele zendinganiso kazwelonke yamanje "Ikhodi Yokuklama Yezinhlelo Ze-Alarm Zomlilo Ezizenzakalelayo". I-alamu yomlilo egumbini elihlanzekile kufanele iqinisekiswe, futhi izilawuli zokuxhumanisa umlilo ezilandelayo kufanele zenziwe: iphampu yomlilo yasendlini kufanele iqalwe futhi isignali yayo yempendulo kufanele yamukelwe. Ngaphezu kokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, idivayisi yokulawula okuqondile kufanele futhi imiswe ekamelweni lokulawula umlilo; iminyango yomlilo kagesi ezingxenyeni ezifanele kufanele ivalwe, abalandeli be-air conditioning abahambisanayo, abalandeli bokukhipha umoya kanye nabalandeli bomoya omusha kufanele bamiswe, futhi izimpawu zabo zempendulo kufanele zamukelwe; iminyango yomlilo kagesi ezingxenyeni ezifanele kufanele ivalwe , umnyango we-fire shutter. Izibani eziyisipele eziphuthumayo nezibani zezimpawu zokuphuma kufanele zilawulwe ukuze zikhanyise. Egunjini lokulawula umlilo noma igumbi lokusabalalisa amandla kagesi aphansi, ugesi ongashisi ezingxenyeni ezifanele kufanele unqunywe ngesandla; isipikha esiphuthumayo somlilo kufanele siqalwe ukuze sisakazwe ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo; Lawula ikheshi ukuze wehlele esitezi sokuqala futhi uthole isignali yempendulo yayo.

③ Ngokubheka izidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo egumbini elihlanzekile negumbi elihlanzekile kufanele kugcinwe izinga lokuhlanzeka elidingekayo, kugcizelelwa ekamelweni elihlanzekile ukuthi ngemva kwama-alamu omtshina womlilo, ukuqinisekiswa okwenziwa ngesandla nokulawula kufanele kwenziwe. Lapho kuqinisekiswa ukuthi umlilo wenzekile ngempela, okokusebenza kokulawula ukuxhumanisa okusethiwe kuyasebenza futhi kunikeza amasignali ukugwema ukulahlekelwa okukhulu. Izidingo zokukhiqiza ekamelweni elihlanzekile zihlukile kulezo zamafektri ajwayelekile. Egumbini elihlanzekile elinezidingo eziqinile zokuhlanzeka, uma isistimu ye-air-conditioning yokuhlanza ivalwa futhi ibuyiselwe futhi, ukuhlanzeka kuzothinteka, okulenze lingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zenqubo futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa.

④Ngokwezici zegumbi elihlanzekile, izitholi zomlilo kufanele zifakwe ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezihlanzekile, ama-mezzanines obuchwepheshe, amagumbi emishini namanye amagumbi. Ngokwezidingo zezinga likazwelonke elithi "Design Code for Automatic Fire Alarm Systems", lapho ukhetha imitshina yomlilo, kufanele wenze lokhu okulandelayo: Ezindaweni lapho kunesiteji sokushunqa intuthu ezigabeni zokuqala zomlilo, inani elikhulu lomlilo. kukhiqizwa intuthu kanye nenani elincane lokushisa, futhi kunemisebe yelangabi emincane noma engekho, kufanele kukhethwe izinto zokuzwa umlilo ezizwa intuthu; ezindaweni lapho imililo ingase ikhule ngokushesha futhi ikhiqize inani elikhulu lokushisa, intuthu nemisebe yelangabi, izinto ezibona ukushisa ezikwazi ukuzwa ukushisa, izinto ezibona umlilo ezikwazi ukuzwa intuthu, izinto ezihlola amalangabi noma inhlanganisela yazo; Ezindaweni lapho imililo ikhula ngokushesha, ibe nemisebe yomlilo enamandla kanye nenani elincane lentuthu nokushisa, kufanele kusetshenziswe izinto zokuqaphela amalangabi. Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza zebhizinisi zesimanje nezinto zokwakha, kunzima ukwahlulela ngokunembile inkambiso yokuthuthukiswa komlilo kanye nentuthu, ukushisa, imisebe yomlilo, njll. ekamelweni elihlanzekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, indawo yendawo evikelwe lapho umlilo ungenzeka khona kanye nezinto ezivuthayo kufanele kunqunywe, ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kokuvutha okufanisiwe, futhi ukhethe izitholi zomlotha womlilo ezifanele ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola. Imvamisa, izihlonzi zomlilo ezingazweli kakhulu ekutholweni komlilo kunezitholi zohlobo ezingezwani nentuthu. Imitshina yomlilo engezwani nokushisa ayiphenduli emlilweni oshunqayo futhi ingasabela kuphela ngemva kokuba ilangabi selifinyelele ezingeni elithile. Ngakho-ke, izihlonzi zomlilo ezizwelayo kukushisa Izithonjana zomlilo azifaneleki ukuvikela izindawo lapho imililo emincane ingase ibangele ukulahlekelwa okungamukeleki, kodwa ukutholwa komlilo okuzwela ukushisa kulungele kakhulu isixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezindawo lapho izinga lokushisa lento lishintsha khona ngokuqondile. Imishini yokuthungatha ilangabi izosabela inqobo nje uma kukhona imisebe evela elangeni. Ezindaweni lapho imililo ihambisana namalangabi avulekile, ukusabela okusheshayo kwemishini yokuthungatha ilangabi kungcono kunentuthu kanye nezinto ezibona ukushisa komlilo, ngakho-ke ezindaweni lapho amalangabi avulekile ethambekele ekushiseni, njengama-flame detectors asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni lapho amagesi avuthayo. zisetshenziswa.

⑤ Izinhlobonhlobo zemidiya yezinqubo ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo nezinobuthi zivame ukusetshenziswa endaweni ehlanzekile yokukhiqiza iphaneli ye-LCD kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-optoelectronic. Ngakho-ke, ku-"Design Code for Electronic Clean Room", ezinye izinsiza zokuphepha emlilweni ezifana nama-alamu omlilo zenziwe. Imithethonqubo eyengeziwe. Iningi legumbi elihlanzekile nge-elekthronikhi lingelezitshalo zokukhiqiza zeSigaba C futhi kufanele lifakwe "njengezinga lokuvikela lesibili". Kodwa-ke, ekamelweni elihlanzekile lika-elekthronikhi elinjengokukhiqiza ama-chip kanye nokukhiqizwa kwephaneli yedivayisi ye-LCD, ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi yemikhiqizo enjalo ye-elekthronikhi, ezinye izinqubo zokukhiqiza zidinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezincibilikisi zamakhemikhali ezivuthayo kanye namagesi avuthayo nobuthi, ukuphumula kwamagesi akhethekile, igumbi elihlanzekile liyindawo evaliwe. Uma kufika isikhukhula, ukushisa ngeke kuvuze ndawo futhi umlilo uzobhebhetheka ngokushesha. Ngamapayipi omoya, iziqhumane zizosabalala ngokushesha eduze kwemigudu yomoya. Imishini yokukhiqiza ibiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisa uhlelo lwe-alamu yomlilo ekamelweni elihlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulwe ukuthi lapho indawo yokuvikela umlilo idlula izimiso, izinga lokuvikela kufanele lithuthukiswe libe ngeleveli yokuqala.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-28-2024
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