Izinsiza zokuvikela umlilo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yekamelo elihlanzekile. Ukubaluleka kwayo akukhona nje ukuthi imishini yayo yenqubo kanye nemiklamo yokwakha iyabiza, kodwa futhi ngoba amakamelo ahlanzekile ayizakhiwo ezivaliwe ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi ezinye ziyizindawo zokusebenzela ezingenafasitela. Amaphaseji ahlanzekile amagumbi amancane futhi ahlukumezayo, okwenza kube nzima ukukhipha izisebenzi nokufundisa umlilo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezimpilo zabantu kanye nempahla, inqubomgomo yokuvikela umlilo "yokuvimbela kuqala, ukuhlanganisa ukuvimbela nomlilo" kufanele isetshenziswe ekwakhiweni. Ngaphezu kokuthatha izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela umlilo ekwakhiweni kwegumbi elihlanzekile, Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhungo zokucisha umlilo ezidingekayo nazo ziyamiswa. Izici zokukhiqiza zamagumbi ahlanzekile yilezi:
(1) Kukhona amathuluzi namathuluzi amaningi anembayo, futhi kusetshenziswa izinhlobonhlobo zamagesi noketshezi oluvutha umlilo, eziqhumayo, ezigqwalayo, nezinobuthi. Ingozi yomlilo yezingxenye ezithile zokukhiqiza ingeyeSigaba C (njengokusabalalisa i-oxidation, i-photolithography, ukufakwa kwe-ion, ukuphrinta nokupakisha, njll.), kanti ezinye zingezeSigaba A (njengokudonsa kwekristalu eyodwa, i-epitaxy, ukufakwa komhwamuko wamakhemikhali, njll. .).
(2) Igumbi elihlanzekile alingeni moya kakhulu. Uma kuqubuka umlilo, kuzoba nzima ukukhipha izisebenzi bese ucisha umlilo.
(3) Izindleko zokwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile ziphezulu futhi izinto zokusebenza nezinsimbi kuyabiza. Uma kuqubuka umlilo, ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho kuzoba kukhulu.
Ngokusekelwe ezicini ezingenhla, amagumbi ahlanzekile anezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuvikela umlilo. Ngaphezu kokuvikelwa komlilo kanye nesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngamanzi, izinto zokucima umlilo ezingaguquki kufanele futhi zifakwe, ikakhulukazi amathuluzi abalulekile kanye nezinsimbi ekamelweni elihlanzekile kudingeka kunqunywe ngokucophelela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-11-2024