Ubunjiniyela bezindlu ezihlanzekile bubhekisela ekukhishweni kokungcola okufana nezinhlayiya ezincane, umoya oyingozi, amagciwane, njll. emoyeni ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lomoya, nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa lasendlini, ukuhlanzeka, ingcindezi yasendlini, isivinini sokugeleza komoya nokusatshalaliswa komoya, ukudlidliza komsindo, ukukhanya, ugesi omile, njll. ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lesidingo. Inqubo enjalo yemvelo siyibiza ngokuthi iphrojekthi yegumbi elihlanzekile.
Lapho wahlulela ukuthi iphrojekthi idinga iphrojekthi yegumbi elihlanzekile, udinga kuqala ukuqonda ukuhlukaniswa kwamaphrojekthi wegumbi elihlanzekile. Amaphrojekthi wezindlu zokuhlanza ahlukaniswe abe yimpoqo futhi asuselwe ekufuneni. Kwezinye izimboni ezithile, njengezimboni zokwenza imithi, amagumbi okuhlinza, izinto zezokwelapha, ukudla, iziphuzo, njll., amaphrojekthi okuhlanza kufanele enziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ngenxa yezidingo ezijwayelekile eziyisibopho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amagumbi ahlanzekile afakwe ngokwezidingo zawo zenqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo noma izimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu okudingeka zikhiqizwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlanzwa zingamaphrojekthi asekelwe ekufuneni. Njengamanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyiphrojekthi ephoqelekile noma esekelwe ekufuneni, ububanzi bezicelo zamaphrojekthi wokuhlanza bubanzi kakhulu, obuhlanganisa imithi nempilo, ukukhiqizwa okunembayo, i-optoelectronics, i-aerospace, imboni yokudla, izimonyo nezinye izimboni.
Izinhlangano zochwepheshe zihlola amaphrojekthi okuhlanza ahlanganisa isivinini somoya kanye nevolumu, izikhathi zokungenisa umoya, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama, umehluko wengcindezi, izinhlayiya ezimisiwe, amagciwane antantayo, amagciwane okuxazulula, umsindo, ukukhanya, njll. Lezi zinto zokuhlola zingochwepheshe kakhulu futhi ziyimfundo, futhi kungase kube nzima kubantu abangebona ochwepheshe ukuthi baziqonde. Kalula nje, lokhu okuqukethwe kuhlanganisa amasistimu e-HVAC, amasistimu okungenisa umoya, namasistimu kagesi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi amaphrojekthi e-cleanroom awakhawulelwe kulezi zici ezintathu futhi awakwazi ukulingana nokwelashwa komoya.
Iphrojekthi ephelele yegumbi lokuhlanza ihlanganisa izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili: uhlelo lwesakhiwo sokuhlobisa nokugcinwa, uhlelo lwe-HVAC, uhlelo lokungenisa umoya, uhlelo lokuvikela umlilo, uhlelo lukagesi, uhlelo lwamapayipi okucubungula, uhlelo lokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamanzi neyokukhipha amanzi. Lezi zingxenye zihlangene zenza uhlelo oluphelele lwamaphrojekthi ahlanzekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufezeka kokusebenza kwawo kanye nemiphumela.
1. Uhlelo lokuhlobisa nokugcinwa kwesakhiwo
Umhlobiso nokuhlobisa kwamaphrojekthi wegumbi elihlanzekile ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlotshiswa okuthile kwezinhlelo zezakhiwo ezivalekile ezifana nephansi, uphahla, nokwahlukanisa. Kafushane, lezi zingxenye zimboza ubuso obuyisithupha bendawo evalekile enezinhlangothi ezintathu, okungukuthi phezulu, izindonga, kanye nomhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlanganisa iminyango, amafasitela, nezinye izingxenye zokuhlobisa. Ngokungafani nomhlobiso ojwayelekile wasekhaya kanye nomhlobiso wezimboni, ubunjiniyela be-cleanroom bunaka kakhulu izindinganiso ezithile zokuhlobisa kanye nemininingwane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi indawo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezithile zokuhlanzeka nenhlanzeko.
2. Uhlelo lwe-HVAC
Ihlanganisa amayunithi amanzi abandayo (ashisayo) (okuhlanganisa amaphampu amanzi, imibhoshongo yokupholisa, njll.) kanye namazinga omshini wamapayipi apholile emoyeni nezinye izinto zokusebenza, amapayipi omoya opholile, amabhokisi omoya wokuhlanza ahlanganisiwe (okuhlanganisa ingxenye yokugeleza okuxubile, ingxenye yomphumela oyinhloko, ingxenye yokushisisa, ingxenye yesiqandisi, ingxenye yokukhishwa kwamanzi, isigaba sokucindezela, isigaba somphumela ophakathi nendawo, njll.)
3. Uhlelo lokungenisa umoya kanye ne-exhaust
Uhlelo lokungenisa umoya luyisethi ephelele yamadivayisi ahlanganisa ama-air inlets, i-exhaust out, imigudu yokuhambisa umoya, amafeni, imishini yokupholisa nokushisisa, izihlungi, amasistimu okulawula kanye nezinye izinto ezihambisanayo. I-exhaust system iyisistimu yonke ehlanganisa ama-hoods noma ama-air inlets, imishini yegumbi elihlanzekile namafeni.
4. Uhlelo lokuvikela umlilo
Amaphaseji ezimo eziphuthumayo, izibani zezimo eziphuthumayo, izifafazi, izicishamlilo, amapayipi omlilo, izinsiza ze-alamu ezizenzakalelayo, izivalo zamarola ezingashi, njll.
5. Uhlelo lukagesi
Kubandakanya ukukhanya, amandla namandla abuthakathaka, amboza amalambu ahlanzekile, amasokhethi, amakhabethe kagesi, imigqa, ukuqapha nocingo kanye nezinye izinhlelo zamanje eziqinile nezibuthakathaka.
6. Inqubo yokufaka amapayipi
Kuphrojekthi yegumbi lokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa: amapayipi egesi, amapayipi ezinto ezibonakalayo, amapayipi amanzi ahlanzekile, amapayipi amanzi omjovo, umusi, amapayipi amanzi ahlanzekile, amapayipi amanzi ayisisekelo, amapayipi amanzi ajikelezayo, ukuthulula nokukhipha amapayipi amanzi, i-condensate, amapayipi amanzi okupholisa, njll.
7. Uhlelo lokulawula okuzenzakalelayo
Kubandakanya ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa, ukulawula izinga lokushisa, umthamo womoya nokulawula ingcindezi, ukulandelana kokuvula nokulawula isikhathi, njll.
8. Ukunikezwa kwamanzi kanye nohlelo lokudonsa amanzi
Ukuhlelwa kwesistimu, ukukhethwa kwamapayipi, ukubeka amapayipi, izesekeli zokudonsa amanzi kanye nesakhiwo esincane sokudonsa amanzi, uhlelo lokujikeleza kwezitshalo ezihlanzekile, lobu bukhulu, ukuhlelwa nokufakwa kwesistimu yokudonsa amanzi, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-14-2025