Isingeniso
Igumbi elihlanzekile liyisisekelo sokulawula ukungcola. Ngaphandle kwegumbi elihlanzekile, izingxenye ezizwela ukungcola azikwazi ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Ku-FED-STD-2, igumbi elihlanzekile lichazwa njengegumbi elinokuhlunga umoya, ukusatshalaliswa, ukulungiswa, izinto zokwakha kanye nemishini, lapho kusetshenziswa khona izinqubo ezithile zokusebenza ezivamile ukulawula ukugcwala kwezinhlayiya ezisemoyeni ukuze kufinyelelwe izinga elifanele lokuhlanzeka kwezinhlayiya.
Ukuze kufezwe umphumela omuhle wokuhlanzeka ekamelweni elihlanzekile, akudingeki nje kuphela ukugxila ekuthatheni izinyathelo zokuhlanza umoya ezifanele, kodwa futhi kudingeke inqubo, ukwakhiwa kanye nezinye izici ezikhethekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele: hhayi nje ukuklama okunengqondo, kodwa futhi nokwakhiwa ngokucophelela nokufakwa ngokuhambisana nemininingwane, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwegumbi elihlanzekile kanye nokugcinwa kwesayensi kanye nokuphathwa. Ukuze kufezwe umphumela omuhle ekamelweni elihlanzekile, izincwadi eziningi zasekhaya nezakwamanye amazwe ziye zachazwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Eqinisweni, kunzima ukufeza ukuhlanganiswa okuhle phakathi kwezici ezahlukene, futhi kunzima ngabaklami ukuqonda ikhwalithi yokwakha nokufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa nokuphathwa, ikakhulukazi lokhu okulandelayo. Ngokuphathelene nezinyathelo zokuhlanza igumbi elihlanzekile, abaklami abaningi, noma ngisho namaqembu okwakha, bavame ukunganaki ngokwanele izimo zabo ezidingekayo, okuholela emphumeleni wokuhlanzeka ongagculisi. Lesi sihloko sixoxa kafushane ngezimo ezine ezidingekayo zokufeza izidingo zokuhlanzeka ezindleleni zokuhlanza igumbi elihlanzekile.
1. Ukuhlanzeka komoya
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlanzeka komoya kuyahlangabezana nezidingo, isihluthulelo ukusebenza nokufakwa kwesihlungi sokugcina sohlelo lokuhlanza.
Ukukhetha isihlungi
Isihlungi sokugcina sohlelo lokuhlanza ngokuvamile sisebenzisa isihlungi se-hepa noma isihlungi se-sub-hepa. Ngokwezindinganiso zezwe lami, ukusebenza kahle kwezihlungi ze-hepa kuhlukaniswe ngamagremu amane: Isigaba A singu-≥99.9%, Isigaba B singu-≥99.9%, Isigaba C singu-≥99.999%, Isigaba D singu-(ngezinhlayiya ≥0.1μm) ≥99.999% (esaziwa nangokuthi izihlungi ze-ultra-hepa); izihlungi ze-sub-hepa zingu-(ngezinhlayiya ≥0.5μm) 95~99.9%. Uma ukusebenza kahle kuphakeme, isihlungi sibiza kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhetha isihlungi, akufanele sihlangabezane nezidingo zokuhlanzeka komoya kuphela, kodwa futhi sicabangele nokuhleleka kwezomnotho.
Ngokombono wezimfuneko zokuhlanzeka, isimiso siwukusebenzisa izihlungi ezisebenza kancane emakamelweni ahlanzekile asezingeni eliphansi kanye nezihlungi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu emakamelweni ahlanzekile asezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokuvamile: izihlungi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu neziphakathi zingasetshenziswa ezingeni lesigidi esingu-1; izihlungi ze-hepa ezingaphansi kwe-hepa noma zeSigaba A zingasetshenziswa emazingeni angaphansi kwesigaba 10,000; izihlungi zeSigaba B zingasetshenziswa ekilasini 10,000 kuya ku-100; kanye nezihlungi zeSigaba C zingasetshenziswa emazingeni 100 kuya ku-1. Kubonakala sengathi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezihlungi ongakhetha kuzo ezingeni ngalinye lokuhlanzeka. Ukuthi ukhetha izihlungi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu noma ezisebenza kancane kuncike esimweni esithile: lapho ukungcola kwemvelo kukubi kakhulu, noma isilinganiso sokukhishwa komoya endlini sikhulu, noma igumbi elihlanzekile libaluleke kakhulu futhi lidinga isici esikhulu sokuphepha, kulezi zimo noma kwelinye lalawa, kufanele kukhethwe isihlungi sesigaba esiphezulu; ngaphandle kwalokho, kungakhethwa isihlungi esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Emakamelweni ahlanzekile adinga ukulawulwa kwezinhlayiya ezingu-0.1μm, izihlungi zeSigaba D kufanele zikhethwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingakanani izinhlayiya ezilawulwayo. Lokhu okungenhla kuvela kuphela ngokombono wesihlungi. Eqinisweni, ukuze ukhethe isihlungi esihle, kufanele futhi ucabangele ngokugcwele izici zegumbi elihlanzekile, isihlungi, kanye nohlelo lokuhlanza.
Ukufakwa kwesihlungi
Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka komoya, akwanele ukuba nezihlungi ezifanelekile kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuqinisekisa: a. Isihlungi asonakali ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa nokufakwa; b. Ukufakwa kuqinile. Ukuze kufezwe iphuzu lokuqala, abasebenzi bokwakha nokufaka kumele baqeqeshwe kahle, benolwazi lokufaka izinhlelo zokuhlanza kanye namakhono okufaka anekhono. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzoba nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isihlungi asonakali. Kunezifundo ezijulile kulokhu. Okwesibili, inkinga yokuqina kokufakwa incike kakhulu kwikhwalithi yesakhiwo sokufakwa. Incwadi yokuklama ivame ukuncoma: kusihlungi esisodwa, kusetshenziswa ukufakwa kohlobo oluvulekile, ukuze noma ngabe kuvela ukuvuza, kungangeni egumbini; kusetshenziswa i-hepa air outlet eqediwe, ukuqina kulula futhi ukuqinisekisa. Komoya wezihlungi eziningi, i-gel seal kanye ne-negative pressure sealing zivame ukusetshenziswa eminyakeni yamuva.
I-gel seal kumele iqinisekise ukuthi i-liquid tank joint iqinile futhi uhlaka lonke lusendaweni efanayo evundlile. I-Negative pressure sealing iwukwenza umngcele wangaphandle we-joint phakathi kwesihlungi nebhokisi le-static pressure kanye nohlaka lube sesimweni se-negative pressure. Njengokufakwa kohlobo oluvulekile, noma ngabe kukhona ukuvuza, ngeke kuvuze ekamelweni. Eqinisweni, uma nje uhlaka lokufaka luyisicaba futhi ubuso bokuphela kwesihlungi buxhumene nohlaka lokufaka, kufanele kube lula ukwenza isihlungi sihlangabezane nezidingo zokuqina kokufakwa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokufaka.
2. Inhlangano yokuhamba komoya
Ukuhlelwa komoya ekamelweni elihlanzekile kuhlukile kwegumbi elijwayelekile elinomoya opholile. Kudinga ukuthi umoya ohlanzekile kakhulu ulethwe endaweni yokusebenza kuqala. Umsebenzi wawo ukukhawulela nokunciphisa ukungcola ezintweni ezicutshungulwayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kufanele kucatshangelwe izimiso ezilandelayo lapho kuklanywa inhlangano yokuhamba komoya: ukunciphisa imisinga ye-eddy ukuze kugwenywe ukuletha ukungcola okuvela ngaphandle kwendawo yokusebenza endaweni yokusebenza; zama ukuvimbela uthuli olundizayo ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba othuli olungcolisa indawo yokusebenza; ukuhamba komoya endaweni yokusebenza kufanele kufane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi isivinini somoya kufanele sihlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo kanye nokuhlanzeka. Lapho ukuhamba komoya kugeleza endaweni yokukhipha umoya ebuyayo, uthuli emoyeni kufanele lususwe ngempumelelo. Khetha izindlela ezahlukene zokulethwa komoya kanye nokubuyisela ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezahlukene zokuhlanzeka.
Izinhlangano ezahlukene zokuhamba komoya zinezimpawu zazo kanye nemingcele yazo:
(1). Ukugeleza okuqondile okuqonde ngqo
Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo ezivamile zokuthola ukugeleza komoya okufanayo phansi, ukwenza kube lula ukuhlela imishini yenqubo, ikhono eliqinile lokuzihlanza, kanye nokwenza lula izindawo ezivamile njengezindawo zokuhlanza umuntu, izindlela ezine zokuphakelwa komoya nazo zinezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo: izihlungi ze-hepa ezimbozwe ngokuphelele zinezinzuzo zokumelana okuphansi kanye nomjikelezo omude wokushintsha izihlungi, kodwa isakhiwo sophahla siyinkimbinkimbi futhi izindleko ziphakeme; izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokulethwa kwephezulu lesihlungi se-hepa esimbozwe eceleni kanye nokulethwa kwephezulu lesihlungi se-hepa esimbozwe ngokuphelele kuphambene nalokho kokulethwa kwephezulu lesihlungi se-hepa esimbozwe ngokuphelele. Phakathi kwazo, ukulethwa kwephezulu lesihlungi se-full hole kulula ukuqongelela uthuli ebusweni bangaphakathi besitsha lapho uhlelo lungasebenzi njalo, futhi ukulungiswa okubi kunomthelela othile ekuhlanzekeni; ukulethwa kwephezulu lesihlungi esiminyene kudinga ungqimba lokuxuba, ngakho-ke kufaneleka kuphela amakamelo amade ahlanzekile angaphezu kwamamitha angu-4, futhi izici zalo zifana nokulethwa kwephezulu lesitsha esimbozwe ngokuphelele; Indlela yomoya wokubuyisela ipuleti elinama-grilles ezinhlangothini zombili kanye nezindawo zokungenisa umoya wokubuyisela ezihlelwe ngokulinganayo phansi kwezindonga eziphambene ifanele kuphela amakamelo ahlanzekile anesikhala esingaphansi kwamamitha angu-6 ezinhlangothini zombili; izindawo zokungenisa umoya wokubuyisela ezihlelwe phansi odongeni oluhlangothini olulodwa zifanele kuphela amakamelo ahlanzekile anebanga elincane phakathi kwezindonga (njenge-≤<2~3m).
(2). Ukugeleza okuvundlile okuqonde ngqo
Indawo yokuqala yokusebenza kuphela engafinyelela izinga lokuhlanzeka elingu-100. Lapho umoya ugeleza uye kolunye uhlangothi, ukugcwala kothuli kuyanda kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile kuphela emakamelweni ahlanzekile anezidingo ezahlukene zokuhlanzeka kwenqubo efanayo ekamelweni elifanayo. Ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo kwezihlungi ze-hepa odongeni lokunikezwa komoya kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezihlungi ze-hepa futhi konge utshalomali lokuqala, kodwa kunezinhlayiya ezindaweni zasendaweni.
(3). Ukugeleza komoya okuyaluzayo
Izici zokulethwa kwamapuleti e-orifice phezulu kanye nokulethwa okuphezulu kwama-diffuser aminyene ziyafana nalezo ezishiwo ngenhla: izinzuzo zokulethwa eceleni kulula ukuhlela amapayipi, akukho interlayer yobuchwepheshe edingekayo, izindleko eziphansi, futhi zilungele ukuvuselelwa kwamafektri amadala. Okubi ukuthi isivinini somoya endaweni yokusebenza sikhulu, futhi ukugcwala kothuli ohlangothini lomoya ophansi kuphakeme kunalokho ohlangothini lomoya okhuphukayo; ukulethwa okuphezulu kwama-outlet e-hepa filter kunezinzuzo zesistimu elula, akukho mapayipi ngemuva kwesihlungi se-hepa, kanye nokugeleza komoya okuhlanzekile okulethwa ngqo endaweni yokusebenza, kodwa ukugeleza komoya okuhlanzekile kuyasakazeka kancane futhi ukugeleza komoya endaweni yokusebenza kuyafana kakhulu; noma kunjalo, lapho ama-outlet amaningi omoya ehlelwe ngokulinganayo noma kusetshenziswa ama-outlet omoya e-hepa filter ane-diffuser, ukugeleza komoya endaweni yokusebenza nakho kungenziwa kufane kakhulu; kodwa uma uhlelo lungasebenzi njalo, i-diffuser ithambekele ekuqongeleleni uthuli.
Ingxoxo engenhla isesimweni esihle kakhulu futhi inconywa yizincazelo zikazwelonke ezifanele, amazinga noma izincwadi zokuklama. Kumaphrojekthi angempela, inhlangano yokuhamba komoya ayiklanywanga kahle ngenxa yezimo eziqondile noma izizathu ezizimele zomklami. Ezivamile zifaka: ukugeleza okuqondile okuqondile kwamukela umoya wokubuya ovela engxenyeni engezansi yezindonga ezimbili eziseduze, ikilasi lendawo 100 lisebenzisa ukulethwa okuphezulu kanye nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu (okungukuthi, akukho khethini elilengayo elingeziwe ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhipha umoya yendawo), kanti amakamelo ahlanzekile aguquguqukayo asebenzisa ukulethwa okuphezulu kokuphuma komoya wesihlungi se-hepa kanye nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu noma ukubuyiselwa okuphansi ohlangothini olulodwa (isikhala esikhulu phakathi kwezindonga), njll. Lezi zindlela zokuhlela ukuhamba komoya zilinganisiwe futhi iningi lokuhlanzeka kwazo alihlangabezani nezidingo zomklamo. Ngenxa yemininingwane yamanje yokwamukelwa okungenalutho noma okungaguquki, amanye ala makamelo ahlanzekile awafinyeleli ezingeni lokuhlanzeka eliklanywe kahle ezimweni ezingenalutho noma ezingaguquki, kodwa ikhono lokuphazamisa ukungcola liphansi kakhulu, futhi uma igumbi elihlanzekile lingena esimweni sokusebenza, alihlangabezani nezidingo.
Ukuhleleka kokuhamba komoya okufanele kufanele kubekwe ngamakhethini alengiswe phansi endaweni yokusebenza endaweni yasendaweni, futhi ikilasi elingu-100,000 akufanele lisebenzise ukulethwa okuphezulu kanye nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafektri amaningi okwamanje akhiqiza izindawo zomoya ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezinama-diffuser, futhi ama-diffuser awo angamapuleti okuhlobisa kuphela futhi awadlali indima yokusabalalisa ukuhamba komoya. Abaklami nabasebenzisi kufanele banake kakhulu lokhu.
3. Umthamo wokunikezwa komoya noma ijubane lomoya
Umthamo owanele wokungenisa umoya uwukuthi kuncishiswe futhi kususwe umoya ongcolile wangaphakathi. Ngokwezidingo ezahlukene zokuhlanzeka, lapho ukuphakama kwegumbi elihlanzekile kuphakeme, imvamisa yokungenisa umoya kufanele ikhuliswe ngokufanele. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wokungenisa umoya wegumbi elihlanzekile elingama-1 million ucatshangelwa ngokwesistimu yokuhlanza esebenza kahle kakhulu, kanti okunye kucatshangelwa ngokwesistimu yokuhlanza esebenza kahle kakhulu; lapho izihlungi ze-hepa zegumbi elihlanzekile lekilasi elingu-100,000 zigcwele egumbini lomshini noma izihlungi ze-sub-hepa zisetshenziswa ekugcineni kwesistimu, imvamisa yokungenisa umoya ingakhushulwa ngokufanele ngo-10-20%.
Ngamanani anconyiwe omthamo womoya ongaphezulu, umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi: isivinini somoya esidlula engxenyeni yegumbi legumbi elihlanzekile lokugeleza okuqondile siphansi, kanti igumbi elihlanzekile elinomoya ovunguzayo linenani elinconyiwe elinesici sokuphepha esanele. Ukugeleza okuqondile okuqondile okuqondile ≥ 0.25m/s, ukugeleza okuqondile okuqondile ≥ 0.35m/s. Nakuba izidingo zokuhlanzeka zingahlangatshezwana nazo uma zivivinywa ezimweni ezingenalutho noma ezimile, ikhono lokulwa nokungcola libi. Uma igumbi selingene esimweni sokusebenza, ukuhlanzeka kungase kungahlangabezani nezidingo. Lolu hlobo lwesibonelo aluyona into engavamile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, azikho izifene ezifanele izinhlelo zokuhlanza ochungechungeni lwezifene zezwe lami. Ngokuvamile, abaklami bavame ukungenzi izibalo ezinembile zokumelana komoya wesistimu, noma abaqapheli ukuthi ifene ekhethiwe isendaweni yokusebenza evumayo yini kujika eliyisici, okuholela ekutheni umthamo womoya noma isivinini somoya sihluleke ukufinyelela inani lokuklama ngokushesha ngemva kokuba uhlelo luqaliswe ukusebenza. Izinga likahulumeni wase-US (FS209A~B) lathi ijubane lokuhamba komoya legumbi elihlanzekile eliqonde ngqo ngokusebenzisa ingxenye yegumbi elihlanzekile livame ukugcinwa ku-90ft/min (0.45m/s), kanti ukungalingani kwejubane kungaphakathi kuka-±20% ngaphansi kwesimo sokungabikho kokuphazamiseka ekamelweni lonke. Noma yikuphi ukwehla okukhulu kwejubane lokuhamba komoya kuzokwandisa amathuba okuzihlanza kanye nokungcola phakathi kwezikhundla zokusebenza (ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kwe-FS209C ngo-Okthoba 1987, akukho mithetho eyenziwe yazo zonke izinkomba zamapharamitha ngaphandle kokugcwala kothuli).
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi kufanelekile ukwandisa ngokufanele inani lomklamo wasekhaya wamanje wejubane lokugeleza eliqondiswe ngakunye. Iyunithi yethu yenze lokhu kumaphrojekthi angempela, futhi umphumela muhle kakhulu. Igumbi elihlanzekile elinokuphazamiseka linenani elinconywayo elinesici sokuphepha esanele, kodwa abaklami abaningi abakaqinisekiswa. Lapho benza imiklamo ethile, bandisa umthamo womoya wegumbi elihlanzekile lekilasi 100,000 libe izikhathi ezingu-20-25/h, igumbi elihlanzekile lekilasi 10,000 libe izikhathi ezingu-30-40/h, kanye negumbi elihlanzekile lekilasi 1000 libe izikhathi ezingu-60-70/h. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokwandisa umthamo wemishini kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala, kodwa futhi kwandisa izindleko zokulungisa nokuphatha zesikhathi esizayo. Eqinisweni, asikho isidingo sokwenza kanjalo. Lapho kuhlanganiswa izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe zokuhlanza umoya zezwe lami, kwahlolwa futhi kwalinganiswa amakamelo ahlanzekile angaphezu kwekilasi 100 eShayina. Amakamelo amaningi ahlanzekile ahlolwe ngaphansi kwezimo eziguquguqukayo. Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi umthamo wokungenisa umoya weklasi engu-100,000 amakamelo ahlanzekile ≥10 izikhathi/ihora, amakamelo ahlanzekile eklasi engu-10,000 ≥20 izikhathi/ihora, kanye namakamelo ahlanzekile eklasi engu-1000 ≥50 izikhathi/ihora angahlangabezana nezidingo. I-US Federal Standard (FS2O9A~B) ibeka: amakamelo ahlanzekile angaqondisi ohlangothini olulodwa (iklasi engu-100,000, ikilasi engu-10,000), ukuphakama kwegumbi okungu-8~12ft (2.44~3.66m), ngokuvamile abheka igumbi lonke njengokungena komoya okungenani kanye njalo ngemizuzu emi-3 (okungukuthi izikhathi ezingu-20/ihora). Ngakho-ke, incazelo yomklamo icabangele i-coefficient enkulu eyengeziwe, futhi umklami angakhetha ngokuphephile ngokwenani elinconywayo levolumu yokungenisa umoya.
4. Umehluko wengcindezi eqinile
Ukugcina ingcindezi ethile enhle ekamelweni elihlanzekile kungenye yezimo ezibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igumbi elihlanzekile alingcoliswanga noma alingcoliswanga kangako ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokuhlanzeka eliklanyelwe. Ngisho nasemakamelweni ahlanzekile anengcindezi engemihle, kumele abe namakamelo noma amasuite aseduze anezinga lokuhlanzeka elingaphansi kwezinga lawo ukuze kugcinwe ingcindezi ethile enhle, ukuze kugcinwe ukuhlanzeka kwegumbi elihlanzekile elinengcindezi engemihle.
Inani lokucindezela elihle legumbi elihlanzekile libhekisela enanini lapho ukucindezela okuqinile kwangaphakathi kukhulu kunokucindezela okuqinile kwangaphandle lapho yonke iminyango namafasitela kuvaliwe. Lokhu kufezwa ngendlela yokuthi umthamo womoya wohlelo lokuhlanza ukhulu kunomthamo womoya obuyayo kanye nomthamo womoya ophumayo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe inani lokucindezela elihle legumbi elihlanzekile, amafeni okuhambisa, okubuyisa kanye nawokukhipha umoya kungcono axhumene. Lapho uhlelo luvuliwe, ifeni lokunikezela liyaqalwa kuqala, bese kuthi amafeni okubuyisa kanye nokukhipha umoya aqalwe; lapho uhlelo luvaliwe, ifeni lokukhipha umoya liyacinywa kuqala, bese kuthi amafeni okubuyisa kanye nokukhipha umoya acinywe ukuvimbela igumbi elihlanzekile ukuthi lingangcoliswa lapho uhlelo luvuliwe futhi lucinywa.
Umthamo womoya odingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ingcindezi enhle yegumbi elihlanzekile unqunywa kakhulu ukungabi nomoya kwesakhiwo sokulungisa. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokwakhiwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile ezweni lakithi, ngenxa yokungabi nomoya okuhle kwesakhiwo esivalekile, kwathatha izikhathi ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha zokunikezwa komoya ukuze kugcinwe ingcindezi enhle engu-≥5Pa; njengamanje, ukungabi nomoya kwesakhiwo sokulungisa kuthuthukiswe kakhulu, futhi kudingeka izikhathi ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 kuphela zokunikezwa komoya ukuze kugcinwe ingcindezi efanayo enhle; futhi kudingeka izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 kuphela zokunikezwa komoya ukuze kugcinwe i-≥10Pa.
Imininingwane yomklamo wezwe lami [6] ibeka ukuthi umehluko wokucindezela okungaguquki phakathi kwamakamelo ahlanzekile amabanga ahlukene kanye naphakathi kwezindawo ezihlanzekile nezindawo ezingahlanzekile akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.5mm H2O (~5Pa), kanye nomehluko wokucindezela okungaguquki phakathi kwendawo ehlanzekile kanye nengaphandle akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1.0mm H2O (~10Pa). Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi leli nani libonakala liphansi kakhulu ngezizathu ezintathu:
(1) Ukucindezela okuhle kubhekisela ekhonweni legumbi elihlanzekile lokucindezela ukungcola komoya ngaphakathi ngezikhala eziphakathi kweminyango namafasitela, noma ukunciphisa ukungcola okungena ekamelweni lapho iminyango namafasitela kuvulwa isikhathi esifushane. Ubukhulu bokucindezela okuhle bubonisa amandla ekhono lokucindezela ukungcola. Yiqiniso, uma ukucindezela okuhle kukhulu, kungcono (okuzoxoxwa ngakho kamuva).
(2) Umthamo womoya odingekayo ukuze kucindezelwe kahle ulinganiselwe. Umthamo womoya odingekayo ukuze kucindezelwe kahle okungu-5Pa kanye nomfutho omuhle ongu-10Pa uhlukile cishe ngesikhathi esisodwa/ihora. Kungani ungakwenzi? Ngokusobala, kungcono ukuthatha umkhawulo ophansi womfutho omuhle njengo-10Pa.
(3) I-US Federal Standard (FS209A~B) ibeka ukuthi uma zonke iminyango nezindawo zokuphuma zivaliwe, umehluko omncane wokucindezela okuhle phakathi kwegumbi elihlanzekile nanoma iyiphi indawo eseduze yokuhlanzeka okuphansi yikholomu yamanzi engu-0.05 amayintshi (12.5Pa). Leli nani lamukelwe amazwe amaningi. Kodwa inani lokucindezela okuhle legumbi elihlanzekile aliphezulu kakhulu, kungcono. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kobunjiniyela bangempela beyunithi yethu iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, lapho inani lokucindezela okuhle lingu-≥ 30Pa, kunzima ukuvula umnyango. Uma uvala umnyango ngokunganaki, kuzoshaya kakhulu! Kuzothusa abantu. Uma inani lokucindezela okuhle lingu-≥ 50~70Pa, izikhala phakathi kweminyango namafasitela zizoshaya ikhwelo, futhi ababuthakathaka noma labo abanezimpawu ezingafanele bazozizwa bengakhululekile. Kodwa-ke, imininingwane noma amazinga afanele amazwe amaningi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe awachazi umkhawulo ophezulu wokucindezela okuhle. Ngenxa yalokho, amayunithi amaningi afuna kuphela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomkhawulo ophansi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umkhawulo ophezulu ungakanani. Egumbini elihlanzekile langempela elitholwe ngumbhali, inani lokucindezela elihle liphezulu njengo-100Pa noma ngaphezulu, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukulungisa ingcindezi enhle akuyona into enzima. Kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukuyilawula ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile. Kwakukhona umbhalo owethula ukuthi izwe elithile eMpumalanga Yurophu libeka inani lokucindezela elihle njengo-1-3mm H20 (cishe u-10~30Pa). Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi leli banga lifaneleka kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-13-2025