- Hlanza imiqondo ehlobene negumbi
Indawo ehlanzekile iyisikhala esinomkhawulo esinokuqukethwe okulawulwayo kwezinhlayiya ezimisiwe emoyeni. Ukwakhiwa nokusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kunciphise ukwethulwa, ukukhiqizwa nokugcinwa kwezinhlayiya esikhaleni. Amanye amapharamitha afanelekile esikhaleni afana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama kanye nokucindezela kuyadingeka ukuthi ilawulwe. Ukuhlanzeka komoya kubhekisela ezingeni lezinhlayiya zothuli ezisemoyeni endaweni ehlanzekile. Ukuphakama kothuli oluningi, ukuhlanzeka okuphansi, futhi uthuli oluningi luphansi, kuyanda ukuhlanzeka. Izinga elithile lokuhlanzeka komoya lihlukaniswa yizinga lokuhlanzeka komoya, futhi leli zinga liboniswa ngokubalwa kothuli lomoya ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Izinhlayiya ezimisiwe zibhekisela ezinhlayiyeni eziqinile neziwuketshezi ezinobubanzi obuyi-0.15μm emoyeni ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa ukuhlanzeka komoya.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile
(1). Ngokwezinga lenhlanzeko, ihlukaniswe ngezinga 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 kanye 9. Izinga 9 liphansi kakhulu.
(2). Ngokwesigaba senhlangano yokugeleza komoya, amakamelo ahlanzekile angahlukaniswa abe yizigaba ezintathu: ukugeleza kwe-unidirectional, ukugeleza kwe-laminar kanye negumbi elihlanzekile. Ukugeleza komoya okunemigqa ehambisanayo endaweni eyodwa kanye nesivinini somoya esilinganayo esigabeni esiphambanayo. Phakathi kwazo, ukugeleza kwe-unidirectional perpendicular endizeni evundlile kuwukugeleza okuqondile okuqondile, futhi ukugeleza kwe-unidirectional okuhambisana nendiza evundlile kuwukugeleza kwe-unidirectional evundlile. Igumbi elihlanzekile lokugeleza okungaqondile okuyaluzayo Noma yiliphi igumbi elihlanzekile elinokungena komoya elingahlangabezani nencazelo yokugeleza okukodwa. Igumbi elihlanzekile lokugeleza okuxubile: Igumbi elihlanzekile elinokungena komoya elihlanganisa ukugeleza okukodwa nokugeleza okungaqondile.
(3). Amakamelo ahlanzekile angahlukaniswa abe amagumbi ahlanzekile ezimbonini kanye namakamelo ahlanzekile ngokwezinto eziphilayo ngokuya ngezigaba zezinhlayiya ezimisiwe emoyeni ezidinga ukulawulwa. Imingcele eyinhloko yokulawula yamagumbi ahlanzekile ezimboni izinga lokushisa, umswakama, isivinini somoya, inhlangano yokugeleza komoya, nokuhlanzeka. Umehluko phakathi kwamakamelo ahlanzekile yezinto eziphilayo kanye namakamelo ahlanzekile ezimbonini ukuthi imingcele yokulawula yandisa ukuhlushwa kwamagciwane ekamelweni lokulawula.
(4). Isimo sokutholwa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile singahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu.
①Igumbi elihlanzekile elingenalutho elinezinsiza eziphelele. Wonke amapayipi axhunyiwe futhi ayasebenza, kodwa azikho izinto zokukhiqiza, izinto zokwakha kanye nabasebenzi bokukhiqiza.
②Igumbi elihlanzekile elinezinsiza eziphelele. Izinto zokukhiqiza zifakwe egunjini elihlanzekile futhi zihlolwe ngendlela okuvunyelwene ngayo umnikazi nomphakeli, kodwa abekho abasebenzi bokukhiqiza esizeni.
③Izinsiza eziguqukayo zisesimweni sokusebenza ngendlela enqunyiwe futhi kunezisebenzi ezinqunyiwe esizeni ukuthi zisebenze ngendlela enqunyiwe.
- Umehluko phakathi kwe-air conditioning yegumbi elihlanzekile kanye ne-air conditioning evamile
I-air conditioning yekamelo ehlanzekile iwuhlobo lwephrojekthi yokupholisa umoya. Ayinayo nje kuphela izidingo ezithile zezinga lokushisa, umswakama kanye nesivinini somoya womoya wasendlini, kodwa futhi inezidingo eziphakeme zenani lezinhlayiya zothuli kanye nokugxilwa kwamagciwane emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ayinayo kuphela izidingo ezikhethekile zokuklama nokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi wokungenisa umoya, kodwa futhi inezidingo ezikhethekile kanye nezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezihambisanayo zokuklama nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, inqubo yokwakha, izinqubo zokwakha, amanzi, ukushisa nogesi, kanye nenqubo ngokwayo. Izindleko zayo nazo zikhuphuka ngokufanele. Amapharamitha amakhulu
I-air conditioning evamile igxile ekuhlinzekweni kwezinga lokushisa, umswakama, kanye nevolumu yomoya omusha, kuyilapho isipholile segumbi elihlanzekile sigxila ekulawuleni okuqukethwe kothuli, isivinini somoya, kanye nemvamisa yokungena komoya wasendlini. Emakamelweni anezidingo zokushisa nomswakama, aphinde abe yimingcele yokulawula eyinhloko. Okuqukethwe kwebhaktheriya nakho kungenye yemingcele yokulawula eyinhloko yamagumbi ahlanzekile. Ukuhlunga kusho ukupholisa umoya okujwayelekile kunokuhlunga okuyisisekelo kuphela, kanti imfuneko ephezulu wukuhlunga okuphakathi. I-air conditioning yekamelo ehlanzekile idinga ukuhlungwa okunezinga ezintathu, okungukuthi, ukuhlunga okusezingeni eliphezulu, okuphakathi, kanye ne-hepa okunezinga lesithathu noma ukuhlunga okumaholoholo, okuphakathi, kanye ne-sub-hepa okunezinga lesithathu. Ngaphezu kokuhlunga okunezigaba ezintathu kohlelo lokuhlinzeka komoya lwegumbi elihlanzekile lezinto eziphilayo, ukuze kuqedwe iphunga elikhethekile lezilwane futhi kugwenywe ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, isistimu yokukhipha umoya iphinde ifakwe ukuhlunga kwe-hepa yesibili noma ukuhlunga kwe-adsorption enobuthi ngokwezimo ezihlukene.
Izidingo zengcindezi yasendlini
I-air conditioning evamile ayinazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokucindezela kwangaphakathi, kuyilapho isimo somoya esihlanzekile sinezidingo ezihlukene zamanani okucindezela okuhle kwezindawo ezihlukahlukene ezihlanzekile ukuze kugwenywe ukungena komoya ongcolile wangaphandle noma ithonya elihlangene lezinto ezihlukahlukene kuma-workshops ahlukene wokukhiqiza. Kukhona nezidingo zokulawula ingcindezi engemihle emakamelweni ahlanzekile anengcindezi engalungile.
Izinto kanye nemishini
I-Cleanroom air conditioning system inezidingo ezikhethekile zokukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nemishini, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula, indawo yokucubungula nokufaka, kanye nendawo yokugcina izinto zemishini ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola kwangaphandle. Lokhu futhi akutholakali kumasistimu wokupholisa umoya. Izidingo zokuvikela umoya Nakuba amasistimu omoya opholile anezidingo zokuqina komoya kanye nokungena komoya kwesistimu. Kodwa-ke, izidingo zezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya ezihlanzekile ziphakeme kakhulu kunezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokupholisa umoya. Izindlela zayo zokutholwa kanye namazinga enqubo ngayinye inezilinganiso eziqinile kanye nezidingo zokutholwa.
Ezinye izidingo
Amakamelo ajwayelekile aneziphephetha-moya anezidingo zokwakheka kwesakhiwo, ubunjiniyela be-thermal, njll., kodwa awakunaki kakhulu ukukhethwa kwempahla kanye nezidingo zomoya. Ngaphezu kwezidingo ezijwayelekile zokubukeka kwezakhiwo, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yesakhiwo ngokufaka umoya ohlanzekile kugxile ekuvimbeleni uthuli, ukuvimbela uthuli, nokuvimbela ukuvuza. Ukuhlelwa kwenqubo yokwakha kanye nezidingo zokugqagqana ziqine kakhulu ukuze kugwenywe ukusebenza kabusha kanye nemifantu engase ibangele ukuvuza. Futhi inezidingo eziqinile zokuxhumanisa kanye nezidingo zezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi, ikakhulukazi egxile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza, ukuvimbela umoya ongcolile wangaphandle ukuba ungangeni ekamelweni elihlanzekile, nokuvimbela ukunqwabelana kothuli ekungcoliseni igumbi elihlanzekile.
4. Ukwamukela ukuqedwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile
Ngemuva kokuqedwa nokunikezwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile, ukukalwa kokusebenza nokwamukelwa kuyadingeka; lapho isistimu ilungiswa kabusha noma ivuselelwa, ukulinganisa okuphelele kufanele futhi kwenziwe, futhi isimo esijwayelekile segumbi elihlanzekile kufanele siqondwe ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi indiza, isigaba kanye nemidwebo yesistimu yokuhlanza umoya we-air conditioning kanye nenqubo yenqubo, izidingo zezimo zemvelo yomoya, izinga lokuhlanzeka, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, isivinini somoya, njll.
(1). Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kokwamukelwa kokuqedwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kuzohlangabezana nezidingo ezilandelayo.
①Ukufakwa kwamapayipi ahlukahlukene, izisetshenziswa zokucisha umlilo ezizenzakalelayo kanye nezisetshenziswa zokuhlanza umoya zeziphephetha-moya, amafeni, amayunithi omoya wokuhlanza, izihlungi zomoya ze-hepa namakamelo okugeza umoya kuzolunga, kuqine futhi kuqine, futhi ukuchezuka kwakho kuzothobela imithetho efanele.
②Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezihlungi zomoya ze-hepa nezimaphakathi kanye nohlaka lokusekela kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwepayipi lomoya nezinto zokusebenza kuzovalwa uphawu ngendlela enokwethenjelwa.
③Amadivayisi okulungisa ahlukahlukene azoqina, aguquguquke ukuze alungiswe futhi kube lula ukusebenza.
④Ngeke kube khona uthuli ebhokisini le-air conditioning yokuhlanza, ibhokisi lokucindezela elimile, isistimu yepayipi lomoya kanye nezindawo zokuphakela kanye nezibuyisela umoya.
⑤Udonga lwangaphakathi, usilingi kanye nephansi legumbi elihlanzekile kuzokuba bushelelezi, kube isicaba, umbala ofanayo, kungabi nothuli futhi kungabi nogesi omile.
⑥Ukuvalwa kokuvala indawo yokukhipha umoya nokubuyayo kanye nemishini ehlukene yetheminali, amapayipi ahlukahlukene, izibani namapayipi kagesi kanye nezisetshenziswa zokucubungula lapho udlula egumbini elihlanzekile kuzoqina futhi kuthembeke.
⑦ Zonke izinhlobo zamabhodi okusabalalisa, amakhabethe egunjini elihlanzekile namapayipi kagesi kanye nezimbobo zamapayipi ezingena egumbini elihlanzekile kuzovalwa ngokuthembekile.
⑧Zonke izinhlobo zokudweba kanye nomsebenzi wokufakelwa kufanele zihambisane nemithetho efanele.
(2). Ukugunyaza umsebenzi wokuphothula ukwamukelwa kokukhiqizwa kwamakamelo ahlanzekile
①Ukusebenza kwesilingo somshini owodwa wazo zonke izisetshenziswa ezinezidingo zokusebenza kwesilingo kufanele zithobelane nezinhlinzeko ezifanele zemibhalo yezobuchwepheshe yesisetshenziswa. Izidingo ezijwayelekile zezinto ezisetshenziswa umakhenikha kufanele futhi zihambisane nemithetho kazwelonke efanele kanye namazinga emboni afanelekile okwakhiwa nokufakwa kwemishini eyimishini. Imvamisa, okokusebenza okudinga ukuhlolwa egumbini elihlanzekile kufaka phakathi amayunithi omoya, amabhokisi omoya kanye namabhokisi okucindezela, okokusebenza kwe-exhaust, amabhentshi okusebenza okuhlanza, okokuhlanza nge-electrostatic, amabhokisi okomisa ahlanzekile, amakhabethe okugcina ahlanzekile nezinye izinto zokuhlanza zasendaweni, kanye namakamelo okugeza umoya, ama-valve okucindezela asele, imishini yokuhlanza uthuli lwe-vacuum, njll.
②Ngemuva kokuthi ukusebenza kwesilingo somshini owodwa sekufanelekile, umthamo womoya kanye nemishini yokulawula ingcindezi yomoya yesistimu yokuphakelwa komoya, isistimu yokubuyisela umoya, kanye nesistimu yokukhipha umoya kufanele kusethwe futhi kulungiswe ukuze ukusatshalaliswa kwevolumu yomoya yesistimu ngayinye kuhlangabezane nezidingo zokuklama. Inhloso yalesi sigaba sokuhlola iwukusebenzela ukulungiswa nokulinganisela kwesistimu yokuhlanza isimo somoya, okuvame ukudinga ukuphindaphindwa izikhathi eziningi. Lokhu kuhlola kubhekene kakhulu nosonkontileka, futhi abaphathi bezokulungisa bakamakhi kufanele balandelele ukuze bazijwayeze nesistimu. Ngalesi sisekelo, isikhathi sokusebenza kwesilingo esihlanganyelwe sesistimu esihlanganisa imithombo ebandayo neyokushisa ngokuvamile asibi ngaphansi kwamahora angu-8. Kudingeka ukuthi ukuxhumana nokuxhumana kwezingxenye zemishini ehlukahlukene ohlelweni, okuhlanganisa isistimu ye-air conditioning yokuhlanza, idivayisi yokulungisa okuzenzakalelayo, njll., kufanele kusebenze ngendlela efanele ngaphandle kwezimo ezingavamile.
5. Ukugeleza kwenqubo yokutholwa kwegumbi elihlanzekile
Wonke amathuluzi namathuluzi asetshenziswa esilinganisweni kufanele akhonjwe, alinganiswe noma alinganiswe ngokwemithethonqubo. Ngaphambi kokulinganisa, uhlelo, igumbi elihlanzekile, igumbi lomshini, njll. kumele lihlanzwe kahle; ngemva kokuhlanza nokulungiswa kwesistimu, kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi esithile bese kutholwa ukuvuza nezinye izinto zikalwa.
(1) Inqubo yokukala igumbi elihlanzekile imi kanje:
1. Ukuphefumula kwefeni;
2. Ukuhlanza endlini;
3. Lungisa umthamo womoya;
4. Faka isihlungi esisebenza kahle kakhulu;
5. Faka isihlungi esisebenza kahle kakhulu;
6. Ukusebenza kwesistimu;
7. Ukutholwa kokuvuza kwesihlungi esisebenza kahle kakhulu;
8. Lungisa umthamo womoya;
9. Lungisa umehluko wengcindezi yangaphakathi yasendlini;
10. Lungisa izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama;
11. Ukunqunywa kwe-avareji yesivinini nokungalingani kwesivinini kwesigaba esiphambanayo segumbi elihlanzekile lokugeleza kwesigaba esisodwa;
12. Ukulinganisa ukuhlanzeka kwangaphakathi;
13. Ukunqunywa kwamabhaktheriya antantayo angaphakathi kanye nama-bacteria ahlalisa;
14. Umsebenzi nokulungiswa okuhlobene nemishini yokukhiqiza.
(2) Isisekelo sokuhlola sihlanganisa ukucaciswa, imidwebo, imibhalo yokuklama kanye nedatha yezobuchwepheshe yemishini, ehlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili ezilandelayo.
1. Imibhalo yokuklama, imibhalo efakazela izinguquko zesakhiwo nezivumelwano ezifanele, kanye nokuqedwa kwemidwebo.
2. Idatha yobuchwepheshe yemishini.
3. "Izicaciso Zokuklama Igumbi Lokuhlanza", "Izincazelo Zokwamukelwa Kwekhwalithi Yobunjiniyela Bezobunjiniyela Bezinto Zokuphefumula komoya" ukuze kwakhiwe futhi kufakwe
6. Izinkomba zokuhlola
Ivolumu yomoya noma isivinini somoya, umehluko wengcindezi yasendlini emile, izinga lokuhlanzeka komoya, izikhathi zokungena komoya, amagciwane antantayo asendlini kanye namagciwane ahlala endlini, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ohlobene, isivinini esimaphakathi, ukungalingani kwesivinini, umsindo, iphethini yokugeleza komoya, isikhathi sokuzihlanza, ukuvuza kokungcola, ukukhanya (ukukhanyisa), i-formaldehyde, kanye nokugxila kwebhaktheriya.
(1). Igumbi lokuhlinzela elihlanzekile lasesibhedlela: isivinini somoya, izikhathi zokungena komoya, umehluko wengcindezi emile, izinga lokuhlanzeka, izinga lokushisa nomswakama, umsindo, ukukhanya, nokugxiliswa kwamagciwane.
(2). Amakamelo okuhlanza embonini yezemithi: izinga lokuhlanzeka komoya, umehluko wengcindezi emile, isivinini somoya noma ivolumu yomoya, iphethini yokugeleza komoya, izinga lokushisa, umswakama ohlobene, ukukhanya, umsindo, isikhathi sokuzihlanza, ukuvuza kwesihlungi esifakiwe, amagciwane antantayo, kanye namagciwane okuxazulula.
(3). Amakamelo okuhlanza embonini yezogesi: izinga lokuhlanzeka komoya, umehluko wengcindezi emile, isivinini somoya noma umthamo womoya, iphethini yokugeleza komoya, izinga lokushisa, umswakama ohlobene, ukukhanya, umsindo, nesikhathi sokuzihlanza.
(4). Amakamelo okuhlanza embonini yokudla: ukugeleza komoya okuqondisayo, umehluko wengcindezi emile, ukuhlanzeka, amagciwane antantayo, amagciwane alungisa umoya, umsindo, ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa, umswakama ohlobene, isikhathi sokuzihlanza, i-formaldehyde, isivinini somoya endaweni yokusebenza ye-Class I, isivinini somoya ekuvulweni kwentuthuko, kanye nevolumu yomoya omusha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-11-2025